1990 年至 2019 年抗菌药物管理同行评议文献的计量分析。

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization recommended the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in the clinical settings to minimize the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The current study aimed to assess global research activity on AMS as one measure for efforts dedicated to contain AMR. METHOD: A bibliometric method was applied using Scopus. A validated search query was implemented. Bibliometric indicators and mapping were generated. The study period was from 1990 to 2019. The search query utilized the keywords "antimicrobial stewardship" or "antibiotic stewardship" in the titles or abstracts. In addition, documents with the term "restrict" or "restriction" if used with the terms "antimicrobial" or "antibiotic" were retrieved. RESULTS: The search query returned 4402 documents. The keyword "antimicrobial stewardship" returned 2849 documents while the keyword "antibiotic stewardship" returned 1718 documents. The terms restrict/restriction and antimicrobial/antibiotics returned 209 documents. The number of publications and cumulative citations showed a steep and parallel increase in the last decade. The region of the Americas returned the most while the Eastern Mediterranean region returned the least. The United States (n = 1834, 41.7%) ranked first. Main research themes in the retrieved literature were the (1) impact of AMS on hospital length stay, (2) role of pharmacists, and (3) development of resistance of various pathogens. Clostridium difficile (n = 94) and Staphylococcus aureus (n = 76) were among the most frequently encountered author keywords. The Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology journal ranked first (n = 245, 5.6%, h-index = 134) while documents published in the Clinical Infectious Diseases journal (h-index = 321) received the highest number of citations per document (70.7). At the institutional level, the US Centers for Disease Prevention and Control (n = 93, 2.1%) ranked first followed by the Imperial College London (n = 86, 2.0%). The main funding sponsors were the National Institute of Health. Pfizer, Merck, and Bayer pharmaceutical companies played a key role in funding AMS research. International research collaboration between developed (n = 3693, 83.9%) and developing countries (n = 759, 17.2%). CONCLUSION: The fight against AMR is a global responsibility and implementation of AMS need to be carried out across the globe. International research collaboration between developing and developed countries should be encouraged.

背景：世界卫生组织建议在临床环境中实施抗菌药物管理（AMS），以最大程度减少抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的产生和传播。本研究旨在评估全球关于 AMS 的研究活动，作为遏制 AMR 努力的一项衡量标准。

方法：采用文献计量学方法，使用 Scopus 数据库。实施了经过验证的检索查询。生成了文献计量指标和图谱。研究时间为 1990 年至 2019 年。检索查询在标题或摘要中使用了“抗菌药物管理”或“抗生素管理”关键词。此外，如果在“抗菌药物”或“抗生素”术语后使用“限制”或“限制”术语，则检索相关文档。

结果：检索查询返回了 4402 篇文献。使用“抗菌药物管理”关键词返回了 2849 篇文献，而使用“抗生素管理”关键词返回了 1718 篇文献。“限制/限制”和“抗菌药物/抗生素”这两个术语分别返回了 209 篇文献。出版物数量和累积引文数量在过去十年中呈急剧平行增长。美洲地区的发文量最多，而东地中海地区的发文量最少。美国（n=1834，41.7%）排名第一。检索文献中的主要研究主题包括：（1）AMS 对住院时间的影响，（2）药剂师的作用，以及（3）各种病原体耐药性的发展。艰难梭菌（n=94）和金黄色葡萄球菌（n=76）是最常出现的作者关键词。《感染控制与医院流行病学杂志》（n=245，5.6%，h 指数=134）排名第一，而《临床传染病杂志》（h 指数=321）的每篇文献的引用率最高（70.7）。在机构层面上，美国疾病预防控制中心（n=93，2.1%）排名第一，其次是伦敦帝国理工学院（n=86，2.0%）。主要资助机构是美国国立卫生研究院。辉瑞、默克和拜耳制药公司在资助 AMS 研究方面发挥了关键作用。发达国家（n=3693，83.9%）和发展中国家（n=759，17.2%）之间开展了国际合作。

结论：抗击 AMR 是全球共同的责任，需要在全球范围内实施 AMS。应鼓励发展中国家和发达国家之间开展国际合作。