School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
BaYi Children's Hospital, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100000, China.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2021 Jan 4;21(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s12913-020-05991-z.
This study contributes to research on the paediatrician shortage by examining occupational identity, job satisfaction and their effects on turnover intention among paediatricians in China.
A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was employed to conduct a questionnaire survey. Of the 4906 survey recipients, valid data were collected from 4198 of the respondents (85.6%). The participants were from seven geographic regions of China (south, central, north, east, northwest, southwest, and northeast). Paediatricians who volunteered and provided written informed consent participated. All variables including basic socio-demographics and work-related characteristics, occupational identity, job satisfaction and turnover intention were based on available literature, and measured on a 5- point Likert scale. Statistical methods such as exploratory factor analysis (EFA), descriptive analysis, common method bias, one-way ANOVA test, Pearson correlation analysis and mediation analysis were used.
Significant differences were observed among the respondents in terms of turnover intention based on age, education level, marital status, region, the type and grade of practice setting, professional title, years in practise, workload, rest days, and monthly income. Occupational identity and job satisfaction were both negatively related to turnover intention, and occupational identity was positively correlated with job satisfaction (r = - 0.601, p < 0.01; r = - 0.605, p < 0.01). The results also showed that job satisfaction played a mediating role in the association between occupational identity and turnover intention among Chinese paediatricians.
Work conditions, workload and salary are crucial factors of turnover intention among paediatricians in China. Therefore, we suggest that healthcare managers should increase investment in paediatrics, implement salary reforms and dedicate more attention to female and young paediatricians, thus reducing turnover intention among Chinese paediatricians.
本研究通过考察职业认同、工作满意度及其对中国儿科医生离职意愿的影响，为儿科医生短缺的研究做出了贡献。
采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法进行问卷调查。在 4906 名调查对象中，共回收有效问卷 4198 份（85.6%）。调查对象来自中国七个地理区域（南部、中部、北部、东部、西北部、西南部和东北部）。自愿参与并提供书面知情同意书的儿科医生参与了调查。所有变量，包括基本社会人口学和工作相关特征、职业认同、工作满意度和离职意愿，均基于现有文献，并采用 5 点 Likert 量表进行测量。采用探索性因子分析（EFA）、描述性分析、共同方法偏差、单因素方差检验、Pearson 相关分析和中介分析等统计方法。
根据年龄、教育水平、婚姻状况、地区、执业机构类型和级别、职称、执业年限、工作量、休息日和月收入，调查对象的离职意愿存在显著差异。职业认同和工作满意度均与离职意愿呈负相关，职业认同与工作满意度呈正相关（r=-0.601，p<0.01；r=-0.605，p<0.01）。结果还表明，工作满意度在中国儿科医生职业认同与离职意愿之间起中介作用。
工作条件、工作量和工资是中国儿科医生离职意愿的关键因素。因此，我们建议医疗保健管理者增加对儿科的投资，实施薪酬改革，并更多地关注女性和年轻的儿科医生，从而降低中国儿科医生的离职意愿。
