Jang Eun Bi, Hong Seong Hwi, Kim Kyu Shik, Park Sung Yul, Kim Yong Tae, Yoon Young Eun, Moon Hong Sang
Department of Urology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Seoul, Korea.
Int Neurourol J. 2020 Dec;24(4):324-331. doi: 10.5213/inj.2040108.054. Epub 2020 Dec 31.
The urethral catheter is used in various clinical situations such as diagnosing urologic disease, urine drainage in patients after surgery, and for patients who cannot urinate voluntarily. However, catheters can cause numerous adverse effects, such as catheter-associated infection, obstruction, bladder stones, urethral injury, and catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD). CRBD symptoms vary among patients from burning sensation and pain in the suprapubic and penile areas to urinary urgency. CRBD significantly reduces patient quality of life and can lead to several complications. CRBD is caused by catheter-induced bladder irritation due to muscarinic receptor-mediated involuntary contractions of bladder smooth muscle and also can be caused by mechanical stimulus of the urethral catheter. Various pharmacologic studies for managing CRBD, including antimuscarinic and antiepileptic agents and botulinum toxin injections have been reported. If urologists can reduce patients' CRBD, their quality of life and recovery can improve.
尿道导管用于各种临床情况，如诊断泌尿系统疾病、术后患者尿液引流以及无法自主排尿的患者。然而，导管会引起许多不良反应，如导管相关感染、梗阻、膀胱结石、尿道损伤以及导管相关膀胱不适（CRBD）。CRBD症状在患者中各不相同，从耻骨上区和阴茎区的烧灼感和疼痛到尿急。CRBD会显著降低患者的生活质量，并可能导致多种并发症。CRBD是由毒蕈碱受体介导的膀胱平滑肌非自主收缩引起的导管诱导膀胱刺激所致，也可能由尿道导管的机械刺激引起。已经报道了各种用于治疗CRBD的药理学研究，包括抗毒蕈碱和抗癫痫药物以及肉毒杆菌毒素注射。如果泌尿科医生能够减少患者的CRBD，他们的生活质量和康复情况将会改善。
