Department of Pediatrics, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Post Graduate Institute of Paediatrics (SVPPGIP) and SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India.
Department of Pediatrics, Pandit Raghunath Murmu Government Medical College and Hospital, Baripada, Odisha, India.
Indian J Pediatr. 2021 Mar;88(Suppl 1):35-40. doi: 10.1007/s12098-020-03610-7. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
To generate epidemiological data of rotavirus diarrhea among hospitalized children less than 5 y of age and to characterize the circulating rotavirus genotypes post introduction of rotavirus vaccine in Universal Immunization Program (UIP).
This prospective study was conducted from April 2016 to July 2019 at Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Post Graduate Institute of Paediatrics & SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha among hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) under five years of age. Stool samples collected were tested for rotavirus by a commercial enzyme immunoassay and strains were characterized by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The data was analysed using a chi-square test with 95% confidence interval and risk ratio.
Rotavirus diarrhea was seen in 715 (36.4%) of the 1963 samples tested. The peak incidence of rotavirus diarrhea was during the winter season, i.e., from the month of December to February. Most of the infections were in children between 6 mo to 2 y of age, affecting boys and girls equally. The commonest genotypes were G3P[8] (50.34%) followed by G1P[8] (17.46%).
This study highlights the high prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea among children which emphasize the need for continued rotavirus vaccination. The changing patterns of genotype distribution stress the need for continued surveillance post introduction of vaccines to understand the effect of vaccines on strain evolution over a longer period and detect emergence of new genotypes.
生成小于 5 岁住院儿童轮状病毒腹泻的流行病学数据，并描述普遍免疫计划（UIP）引入轮状病毒疫苗后循环的轮状病毒基因型。
本前瞻性研究于 2016 年 4 月至 2019 年 7 月在奥里萨邦科塔克的萨达尔·瓦拉巴伊·帕特尔儿科研究生学院和 SCB 医学院进行，研究对象为 5 岁以下因急性胃肠炎（AGE）住院的儿童。收集的粪便样本通过商业酶免疫测定法检测轮状病毒，并用逆转录聚合酶链反应（PCR）对病毒株进行特征分析。使用卡方检验（95%置信区间和风险比）对数据进行分析。
在 1963 份检测样本中，715 份（36.4%）检测出轮状病毒腹泻。轮状病毒腹泻的发病高峰在冬季，即 12 月至 2 月。大多数感染发生在 6 个月至 2 岁的儿童中，男孩和女孩的感染率相等。最常见的基因型是 G3P[8]（50.34%），其次是 G1P[8]（17.46%）。
本研究强调了轮状病毒腹泻在儿童中的高流行率，这强调了需要继续进行轮状病毒疫苗接种。基因型分布模式的变化强调了在疫苗引入后继续进行监测的必要性，以了解疫苗对更长时间内病毒株进化的影响，并检测新基因型的出现。
