Division of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Paediatrics, St. Stephen's Hospital, Tis Hazari, New Delhi, India.
BMC Public Health. 2019 Jan 15;19(1):69. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-6406-0.
In 2016, the Government of India introduced the oral rotavirus vaccine (ROTAVAC, Bharat Biotech, India) in 4 states of India as part of the Universal Immunization Programme, and expanded to 5 more states in 2017. We report four years of data on rotavirus gastroenteritis in hospitalized children < 5 years of age prior to vaccine introduction.
Children from 7 sites in southern and northern India hospitalized for diarrhoea were recruited between July 2012 and June 2016. Stool samples were screened for rotavirus using enzyme immunoassay (EIA). The EIA positive samples were genotyped by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.
Of the 5834 samples from the 7 sites, 2069 (35.5%) were positive for rotavirus by EIA. Genotyping was performed for 2010 (97.1%) samples. G1P8, G2P4, G9P4, G9P8, and G12P6 were the common genotypes in southern India and G1P8, G9P4, G2P4, G12P6, and G3P8 in northern India.
The study highlights the high prevalence of rotavirus gastroenteritis in India and the diversity of rotavirus genotypes across different geographical regions. Pre- vaccine surveillance data is necessary to evaluate the potential change in admission rates for gastroenteritis and circulating rotavirus genotypes after vaccine introduction, thus assessing impact.
2016 年，印度政府在印度的 4 个邦推出了口服轮状病毒疫苗（ROTAVAC，印度 Bharat Biotech），作为全民免疫计划的一部分，并于 2017 年扩大到另外 5 个邦。我们报告了疫苗接种前 4 年来在印度南部和北部 7 个地点住院的<5 岁儿童轮状病毒肠胃炎的数据。
2012 年 7 月至 2016 年 6 月，从印度南部和北部的 7 个地点招募了因腹泻住院的儿童。使用酶联免疫吸附试验（EIA）对粪便样本进行轮状病毒筛查。EIA 阳性样本通过逆转录聚合酶链反应进行基因分型。
7 个地点的 5834 个样本中，2069 个（35.5%）通过 EIA 检测为轮状病毒阳性。对 2010 个（97.1%）样本进行了基因分型。在印度南部，常见的基因型为 G1P[8]（56.3%）、G2P[4]（9.1%）、G9P[4]（7.6%）、G9P[8]（4.2%）和 G12P[6]（3.7%），而在印度北部则为 G1P[8]（36%）、G9P[4]（11.4%）、G2P[4]（11.2%）、G12P[6]（8.4%）和 G3P[8]（5.9%）。
本研究强调了印度轮状病毒肠胃炎的高流行率和不同地理区域轮状病毒基因型的多样性。疫苗接种前的监测数据对于评估疫苗接种后肠胃炎和循环轮状病毒基因型入院率的潜在变化以及评估影响是必要的。
