重症监护护士配置与护士结局：系统评价。

Intensive care nurse staffing and nurse outcomes: A systematic review.

机构信息

College of Nursing, System Health & Engineering Major in Graduate School (BK21), Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.

出版信息

Nurs Crit Care. 2021 Nov;26(6):457-466. doi: 10.1111/nicc.12588. Epub 2021 Jan 5.

DOI:10.1111/nicc.12588

PMID:33403791

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Intensive care units (ICU) are associated with significant work stress and exert continuous physical and emotional demand upon health care providers. The health and well-being of care providers, including ICU nurses, is a matter of great concern. However, to the researcher's knowledge, there have been no reviews synthesizing the evidence about the relationship between nurse staffing and nurse outcomes in the ICU.

PURPOSE

The purpose of this systematic review was to examine nurse staffing in the ICU and synthesize literature to examine the relationship with nurse outcomes such as job satisfaction, burnout, fatigue, and intent to leave.

METHODS

This review was reported based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Peer-reviewed articles published between January 2000 and September 2019 were identified via eight electronic bibliographic databases. Articles were included and reviewed if they were correlational studies examining the relationships between nurse staffing and nurse outcomes in the ICU, and were published in peer-reviewed journals written in either English or Korean. The Quality Assessment and Validity Tool for Correlation Studies was used for quality appraisal.

RESULTS

From 5086 articles, eight published between 2006 and 2019 were included in this review. Three studies found expected relationships between worse nurse staffing and adverse nurse outcomes (high burnout, fatigue state, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and stress). However, the relationships between nurse staffing and other adverse nurse outcomes were not significant. Perceived adequate staffing was negatively related to adverse nurse outcomes. However, a non-significant relationship also was found.

CONCLUSION

This study found limited evidence on relationships between nurse staffing and nurse outcomes in the ICU. More studies are needed to conduct to find a conclusive relationship.

RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE

Given high demands and workload in the ICU, nurse staffing levels should be closely monitored to prevent adverse nurse outcomes.

摘要

背景

重症监护病房（ICU）会给医护人员带来巨大的工作压力，持续对他们的身心健康造成影响。医护人员，包括 ICU 护士的健康和福祉是一个非常值得关注的问题。然而，据研究人员所知，目前还没有对 ICU 护士配置与护士结局之间关系的证据进行综合评估的综述。

目的

本系统评价的目的是检查 ICU 护士配置，并综合文献，研究与护士结局（如工作满意度、倦怠、疲劳和离职意愿）的关系。

方法

本综述根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目进行报告。通过 8 个电子文献数据库，检索了 2000 年 1 月至 2019 年 9 月期间发表的同行评审文章。如果研究是关于 ICU 护士配置与护士结局之间关系的相关性研究，且发表在同行评审的英文或韩语期刊上，则纳入并进行综述。使用相关性研究的质量评估和有效性工具进行质量评估。

结果

从 5086 篇文章中，纳入了 2006 年至 2019 年期间发表的 8 篇文章。有 3 项研究发现，较差的护士配置与不良护士结局（高倦怠、疲劳状态、情绪耗竭、去人性化和压力）之间存在预期关系。然而，护士配置与其他不良护士结局之间的关系并不显著。感知到的充足配置与不良护士结局呈负相关。然而，也发现了非显著关系。