Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2021 May 1;47(4):249-257. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.3938. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
Epidemiological studies have explored the relationship between work-related stress and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but it remains unclear on whether work-related stress could increase the risk of T2DM. We aimed to evaluate the association between job strain and the risk of T2DM.
We searched PubMed and Web of Science up to April 2019. Summary risk estimates were calculated by random-effect models. And the analysis was also conducted stratifying by gender, study location, smoking, drinking, body mass index, physical activity, family history of T2DM, education and T2DM ascertainment. Studies with binary job strain and quadrants based on the job strain model were analyzed separately.
A total of nine studies with 210 939 participants free of T2DM were included in this analysis. High job strain (high job demands and low control) was associated with the overall risk of T2DM compared with no job strain (all other combinations) [relative risk (RR) 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.31], and the association was more evident in women (RR 1.48, 95% CI 1.02-2.14). A statistically significant association was also observed when using high strain as a category (job strain quadrants) rather than binary variable (RR 1.62, 95% CI 1.04-2.55) in women but not men.
Our study suggests that job strain is an important risk factor for T2DM, especially among women. Appropriate preventive interventions in populations with high job strain would contribute to a reduction in T2DM risk.
流行病学研究探讨了与工作相关的压力与 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）风险之间的关系，但工作相关的压力是否会增加 T2DM 的风险尚不清楚。我们旨在评估工作压力与 T2DM 风险之间的关系。
我们检索了 PubMed 和 Web of Science 数据库，检索时间截至 2019 年 4 月。采用随机效应模型计算汇总风险估计值。并且还根据性别、研究地点、吸烟、饮酒、体重指数、身体活动、T2DM 家族史、教育程度和 T2DM 确诊情况进行分层分析。分别分析基于工作压力模型的二元工作压力和四分位的研究。
这项分析共纳入了 9 项研究，共 210939 例无 T2DM 的参与者。与非工作压力（其他所有组合）相比，高工作压力（高工作要求和低控制）与 T2DM 的总体风险相关[相对风险（RR）1.16，95%置信区间（CI）1.03-1.31]，这种关联在女性中更为明显（RR 1.48，95%CI 1.02-2.14）。当使用高压力作为类别（工作压力四分位数）而不是二元变量（RR 1.62，95%CI 1.04-2.55）时，在女性中也观察到了统计学上显著的关联，但在男性中则没有。
我们的研究表明，工作压力是 T2DM 的一个重要危险因素，尤其是在女性中。在工作压力较高的人群中采取适当的预防干预措施将有助于降低 T2DM 的风险。
