National Centre for Farmer Health, Deakin University, Hamilton, Vic, Australia.
College of Social Work, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2021 Jun;51(3):504-514. doi: 10.1111/sltb.12725. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
Farmers are at higher risk of suicide than other occupations and the general population. The complex suicide risk factors have not been examined in a large, population-wide study across a significant time period. This observational study draws on existing data from the United States' National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS), including 140,523 farming- or non-farming-related suicide decedents between 2003 and 2016 from across 40 states. "Farming-related" decedents included 2,801 suicides. Farmers had higher odds of being male, older, less well-educated, and American Indian/Alaska Native. Farmers had higher odds of using firearms and-when farmers used a gun-higher odds of using a long-arm weapon. Farmers had lower odds of having a known mental health condition or job problem, and lower odds of having made a previous suicide attempt or leaving a suicide note. Findings highlight the complexity of suicide risk within the context of farming in the United States and reinforce the need for tailored prevention efforts; employing means restriction of firearms; and emphasizing that traditional risk factors may not be as common in the farming population.
农民的自杀风险高于其他职业和普通人群。在一个相当长的时间跨度内，针对复杂的自杀风险因素，尚未在大规模的全人群研究中进行过检验。本观察性研究利用了来自美国国家暴力死亡报告系统（NVDRS）的现有数据，其中包括 2003 年至 2016 年间来自 40 个州的 140523 名与农业或非农业相关的自杀死者，其中“与农业相关”的死者包括 2801 例自杀。农民更可能为男性、年龄较大、受教育程度较低且为美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民。农民使用枪支的可能性更高，而当农民使用枪支时，使用长枪的可能性更高。农民患有已知精神健康问题或工作问题的可能性较低，之前有过自杀企图或留下遗书的可能性也较低。这些发现突出了美国农业背景下自杀风险的复杂性，并强调需要有针对性地开展预防工作，例如限制枪支的使用手段，并强调传统的风险因素在农民群体中可能并不常见。
