Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom.
Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom.
Biomacromolecules. 2021 Feb 8;22(2):754-762. doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01536. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
The extensive use of antibiotics over the last decades is responsible for the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms that are challenging health care systems worldwide. The use of alternative antimicrobial materials could mitigate the selection of new MDR strains by reducing antibiotic overuse. This paper describes the design of enzyme-based antimicrobial cellulose beads containing a covalently coupled glucose oxidase from (GOx) able to release antimicrobial concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (HO) (≈ 1.8 mM). The material preparation was optimized to obtain the best performance in terms of mechanical resistance, shelf life, and HO production. As a proof of concept, agar inhibition halo assays (Kirby-Bauer test) against model pathogens were performed. The two most relevant factors affecting the bead functionalization process were the degree of oxidation and the pH used for the enzyme binding process. Slightly acidic conditions during the functionalization process (pH 6) showed the best results for the GOx/cellulose system. The functionalized beads inhibited the growth of all the microorganisms assayed, confirming the release of sufficient antimicrobial levels of HO. The maximum inhibition efficiency was exhibited toward () and (), although significant inhibitory effects toward methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and were also observed. These enzyme-functionalized cellulose beads represent an inexpensive, sustainable, and biocompatible antimicrobial material with potential use in many applications, including the manufacturing of biomedical products and additives for food preservation.
在过去几十年中，抗生素的广泛使用导致了多药耐药（MDR）微生物的出现，这些微生物对全球的医疗保健系统构成了挑战。使用替代抗菌材料可以通过减少抗生素的过度使用来减轻新的 MDR 菌株的选择压力。本文描述了一种基于酶的抗菌纤维素珠的设计，该珠含有共价偶联的来自 （GOx）的葡萄糖氧化酶，能够释放出抗菌浓度的过氧化氢（HO）（≈1.8mM）。优化了材料的制备工艺，以获得在机械强度、保质期和 HO 产生方面的最佳性能。作为概念验证，针对模型病原体进行了琼脂抑制晕圈测定（Kirby-Bauer 测试）。影响珠功能化过程的两个最相关因素是氧化程度和用于酶结合过程的 pH 值。在功能化过程中使用稍酸性条件（pH6）时，GOx/纤维素系统的效果最佳。功能化珠抑制了所有测试微生物的生长，证实了 HO 的释放达到了足够的抗菌水平。对 （）和 （）表现出最大的抑制效率，尽管对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）和 也观察到了显著的抑制作用。这些酶功能化的纤维素珠是一种廉价、可持续和生物相容的抗菌材料，具有广泛的应用潜力，包括制造生物医学产品和食品防腐剂添加剂。
