Aquatic Ecology and Fish Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2021 Apr;47(2):313-326. doi: 10.1007/s10695-020-00913-6. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
Teleost is a widely diverse group of fishes and so do their feeding habits. From aquaculture points of view, there have been un-interrupted efforts to optimize feeding rates with protein as the chief ingredients in the supplementary diet. However, knowledge on its protein absorption is incomplete so far, to acquire absolute feeding design to mobilize enhanced production of animal-source protein as fish biomass. In this review, the variable protein absorption across digestive tract (DT) in this group of fish has been highlighted. Emphasis is given to outline how DT components, like enterocyte specific absorptive mechanisms, are different in anterior and posterior regions of DT or from the absorptive transporter system. The existence of a transporter-based absorption mechanism brings more variability in the protein absorption in teleosts. At least two such transport systems (Na-dependent and Na-independent) with within-system differences impart more variability to protein absorption. Further, shifting from one stage to another stage of development involves considerable modification of the protein absorptive mechanism in teleosts. Gut microbes may also indirectly facilitate protein absorption in teleosts. Overall, the present review projects a comprehensive understanding of the protein absorption in teleosts that will help to strategize the modulation of feeding technology in fish culture.
硬骨鱼是一个广泛多样的鱼类群体，它们的摄食习性也各不相同。从水产养殖的角度来看，人们一直在不懈努力，以优化摄食率，使蛋白质成为补充饮食的主要成分。然而，到目前为止，人们对其蛋白质吸收的了解还不完整，无法获得绝对的饲养设计来调动动物源蛋白质作为鱼类生物量的生产。在这篇综述中，强调了硬骨鱼类整个消化道（DT）中蛋白质吸收的可变性。重点概述了 DT 成分（如肠细胞特异性吸收机制）在前部和后部或从吸收转运蛋白系统在 DT 中的差异。基于转运蛋白的吸收机制的存在使硬骨鱼的蛋白质吸收更加多样化。至少有两种这样的转运系统（Na 依赖性和 Na 非依赖性）在系统内存在差异，使蛋白质吸收的可变性更大。此外，从一个发育阶段到另一个阶段的转变涉及到硬骨鱼蛋白质吸收机制的相当大的改变。肠道微生物也可能间接地促进硬骨鱼的蛋白质吸收。总的来说，本综述全面阐述了硬骨鱼的蛋白质吸收，这将有助于制定鱼类养殖中饲养技术的调节策略。
