Department of HPB & Liver Transplantation, Royal Free Hospital, Pond St, Hampstead, London, NW3 2QG, UK.
Division of Surgery & Interventional Sciences/University College London (UCL), Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, Hampstead, London, NW3 2QG, UK.
Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2021 Apr;60(2):271-292. doi: 10.1007/s12016-020-08824-3. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the human body and is central to many physiological processes, including immune system activation and maintenance. Studies continue to reveal the intricacies of calcium signalling within the immune system. Perhaps the most well-understood mechanism of calcium influx into cells is store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), which occurs via calcium release-activated channels (CRACs). SOCE is central to the activation of immune system cells; however, more recent studies have demonstrated the crucial role of other calcium channels, including transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. In this review, we describe the expression and function of TRP channels within the immune system and outline associations with murine models of disease and human conditions. Therefore, highlighting the importance of TRP channels in disease and reviewing potential. The TRP channel family is significant, and its members have a continually growing number of cellular processes. Within the immune system, TRP channels are involved in a diverse range of functions including T and B cell receptor signalling and activation, antigen presentation by dendritic cells, neutrophil and macrophage bactericidal activity, and mast cell degranulation. Not surprisingly, these channels have been linked to many pathological conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, chronic fatigue syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis, atherosclerosis, hypertension and atopy.
钙是人体中最丰富的矿物质，对许多生理过程至关重要，包括免疫系统的激活和维持。研究继续揭示免疫系统中钙信号的复杂性。也许最被理解的细胞内钙流入机制是钙库操纵性钙内流（SOCE），它通过钙释放激活通道（CRAC）发生。SOCE 是免疫系统细胞激活的核心；然而，最近的研究表明其他钙通道的关键作用，包括瞬时受体电位（TRP）通道。在这篇综述中，我们描述了 TRP 通道在免疫系统中的表达和功能，并概述了与疾病的小鼠模型和人类疾病的关联。因此，突出了 TRP 通道在疾病中的重要性，并回顾了潜在的治疗方法。TRP 通道家族意义重大，其成员在细胞过程中的数量不断增加。在免疫系统中，TRP 通道参与多种功能，包括 T 和 B 细胞受体信号和激活、树突状细胞的抗原呈递、中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞杀菌活性以及肥大细胞脱颗粒。毫不奇怪，这些通道与许多病理状况有关，如炎症性肠病、慢性疲劳综合征和肌痛性脑脊髓炎、动脉粥样硬化、高血压和特应性。
