School of Public Administration, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710000, China.
School of Economics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 May;28(17):21065-21084. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-12114-y. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
The objective of the study is to analyze the dynamic linkages between technology factors and carbon emission in a panel of 26 selected European countries from 2000 to 2017. The results of the panel fixed-effect regression model show the monotonic increasing function between agriculture technology and carbon emissions. In contrast, panel quantile regression confirmed the inverted U-shaped 'Agriculture Technology Kuznets curve (ATKC)' of carbon emissions at 30th quantile distribution to 80th quantile distribution with the turning points of 12,60,000 tractors to 9,68,000 tractors, respectively. The results further exhibit the negative relationship between high-technology exports and carbon emissions, as high-technology exports have a positive impact on environmental quality in order to reduce carbon emissions across countries. The relationship between ICT goods exports and carbon emissions is complimentary, while R&D expenditures have a negative relationship with carbon emissions in a given period. The study substantiates the 'pollution haven hypothesis (PHH)' that is controlled by trade liberalization policies. The telephone and mobile penetrations have a differential impact on carbon emissions in both of the prescribed statistical techniques, which needs fair economic policies in order to delimit carbon emissions through green ICT infrastructure. The results further exhibit the 'material footprint' that is visible at the earlier stages of economic development while it is substantially decreasing at the later stages to verify 'environmental Kuznets curve (EKC)' hypothesis with a turning point of US$45,700. Finally, the study shows the positive relationship between industry value-added and carbon emissions that sabotaged the process of green development across countries. The study concludes that green ICT infrastructure is imperative for sustainable production and consumption, and climate change protection with cleaner production techniques and environmental regulations that reshape the international policies towards sustained growth.
本研究旨在分析 2000 年至 2017 年间 26 个选定欧洲国家的面板中技术因素与碳排放之间的动态联系。面板固定效应回归模型的结果表明，农业技术与碳排放之间存在单调递增的函数关系。相比之下，面板分位数回归证实了碳排放的“农业技术库兹涅茨曲线（ATKC）”在第 30 分位数分布到第 80 分位数分布之间呈倒 U 型，转折点分别为 126 万台拖拉机和 968 万台拖拉机。结果进一步表明，高科技出口与碳排放之间存在负相关关系，因为高科技出口对环境质量有积极影响，以减少各国的碳排放。信息和通信技术（ICT）商品出口与碳排放之间呈互补关系，而研发支出在一定时期内与碳排放呈负相关。本研究证实了受贸易自由化政策控制的“污染避难所假说（PHH）”。在规定的两种统计技术中，电话和移动电话普及率对碳排放都有不同的影响，这需要公平的经济政策，以便通过绿色 ICT 基础设施来限制碳排放。结果进一步表明，在经济发展的早期阶段可以看到“物质足迹”，而在后期阶段它会显著减少，以验证“环境库兹涅茨曲线（EKC）”假说，转折点为 45700 美元。最后，本研究表明，工业增加值与碳排放之间存在正相关关系，这破坏了各国绿色发展的进程。本研究得出结论，绿色 ICT 基础设施对于可持续生产和消费以及气候变化保护至关重要，需要采用更清洁的生产技术和环境法规来重塑国际政策，以实现持续增长。
