Chen Zhaowei, Zhao Ruogang
Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2019 Aug 12;5(8):3688-3702. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01195. Epub 2019 Mar 14.
Living tissue is a complex, heterogeneous structure where spatially organized ECMs present embedded cells with a variety of biochemical and mechanical signals. These signals are important to the formation of tissue structures and maintaining tissue homeostasis and physiological functions. Recent advances in biofabrication technologies have allowed the creation of 3D geometrical patterns that can guide the dynamic interaction between cells and ECM, leading to the formation of morphologically controlled engineered tissues that recapitulate the structure and function of native tissues. In this work, we first review advanced biofabrication technologies including lithography-based microfabrication and bioprinting that have been adopted to create a variety of geometrical confinements such as microgrooves and microribs, microwells, micropillar arrays, and microfibers. For each confinement type, we review geometrically guided formation and maturation of a variety of tissue types, including skeletal and cardiac muscles, epithelial tissue, endothelial tissue, and fibrous tissue. Geometrical confinements are important microenvironmental cues that can be utilized to promote the formation of biomimetic structures in engineered tissues.
活组织是一种复杂的异质结构，其中空间组织的细胞外基质为嵌入其中的细胞提供各种生化和机械信号。这些信号对于组织结构的形成以及维持组织稳态和生理功能至关重要。生物制造技术的最新进展使得能够创建三维几何图案，这些图案可以引导细胞与细胞外基质之间的动态相互作用，从而形成形态可控的工程组织，再现天然组织的结构和功能。在这项工作中，我们首先回顾先进的生物制造技术，包括基于光刻的微制造和生物打印，这些技术已被用于创建各种几何限制，如微槽和微肋、微孔、微柱阵列和微纤维。对于每种限制类型，我们回顾了多种组织类型在几何引导下的形成和成熟过程，包括骨骼肌、心肌、上皮组织、内皮组织和纤维组织。几何限制是重要的微环境线索，可用于促进工程组织中仿生结构的形成。
