Jessen-Winge Christina, Ilvig Pia Maria, Fritz Heather, Brandt Carl J, Lee Kim, Christensen Jeanette Reffstrup
Department of Midwifery, Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy and Psycomotore therapy, University College Copenhagen, Sigurdsgade 26, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, JB Winsløwsvej 9A, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.
BMC Public Health. 2021 Jan 6;21(1):28. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09850-8.
Currently 1.9 billion adults worldwide are estimated to be overweight or obese. In Denmark the municipalities hold the responsibility to deliver weight loss programmes to overweight and obese citizens. There is a tendency to assume that weight loss programmes that show positive effects in specialized hospital settings are directly transferrable to municipal settings. However, municipality-based weight loss programmes have not produced clinically significant reductions in body weight. One reason for this may be that much research evidence regarding obesity programming neglects the perspectives of people with obesity. The first step in developing a weight loss programme designed for municipal settings is to understand what people with obesity want and need from a programme. The aim of this study was to examine what people with obesity find important in a weight loss programme for weight loss and weight maintenance.
We used a qualitative, explorative, descriptive design with individual interviews. We included men and women age 17 and older with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Participants were recruited from the wait lists of 13 municipality programmes and through Facebook posts. Data were analyzed using content analysis.
Thirty-four participants with overweight or obesity were individually interviewed (ages between 19 and 74). Findings suggest that weight loss programmes should; a) support participants in structuring days; b) consider the use of replacement activities to reduce cognitive and emotional burden; c) aide individuals to increase self-efficacy and; d) include family and friends as well as health professionals and peers in the weight loss process. Diet and exercise, while important, should be balanced with other meaningful activities in everyday life.
Participants in this study wished to balance weight loss related activities with overall everyday life as well as finding the believe in their ability to lose weight in social relations.
据估计，目前全球有19亿成年人超重或肥胖。在丹麦，各市镇负责为超重和肥胖的市民提供减肥计划。人们往往认为，在专科医院环境中显示出积极效果的减肥计划可以直接移植到市镇环境中。然而，基于市镇的减肥计划并没有在临床上显著降低体重。造成这种情况的一个原因可能是，许多关于肥胖计划的研究证据忽视了肥胖者的观点。制定针对市镇环境的减肥计划的第一步是了解肥胖者对计划的期望和需求。本研究的目的是调查肥胖者在减肥和维持体重的计划中认为重要的因素。
我们采用定性、探索性、描述性设计，进行个人访谈。我们纳入了年龄在17岁及以上、BMI≥25kg/m²的男性和女性。参与者从13个市镇计划的候补名单中招募，并通过脸书帖子招募。使用内容分析法对数据进行分析。
对34名超重或肥胖的参与者进行了个人访谈（年龄在19岁至74岁之间）。研究结果表明，减肥计划应：a）支持参与者安排好日常；b）考虑采用替代活动以减轻认知和情感负担；c）帮助个人提高自我效能感；d）让家人、朋友以及健康专业人员和同龄人参与减肥过程。饮食和运动虽然很重要，但应与日常生活中的其他有意义的活动保持平衡。
本研究的参与者希望在与减肥相关的活动和整体日常生活之间取得平衡，并在社会关系中找到减肥的信心。
