Jessen-Winge Christina, Lee Kim, Surrow Signe, Christensen Jeanette R
User Perspectives and Community-Based Interventions, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Department of Occupational Therapy, Institute of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Front Rehabil Sci. 2022 Jun 10;3:822896. doi: 10.3389/fresc.2022.822896. eCollection 2022.
Currently 1.9 billion adults worldwide are estimated to be overweight or obese. Weight loss sustainability is difficult, and weight loss rehabilitation programs have been criticised for having an individualistic approach. It has been suggested that occupational therapists could be used as part of a transdisciplinary approach because of their holistic perspective. During the development of an occupational therapy- based weight loss program five components arose as essential from earlier interviews with health professionals and citizens with obesity: diet, physical activities, social relations, habits and balancing everyday life. Before developing the program, we needed a clearer picture of which strategies should support the five components. The aim of this study was to obtain a description of strategies related to the five components that could support weight loss to become part of everyday life of people with obesity.
This study took a participatory design by using research circle (RC) methodology. Two RC groups were created, one with occupational therapists and one with citizens with obesity. Researchers participated in both RC groups. Data was obtained through democratic principles. The two RC groups met four times over a period of 4 months. Qualitative content analysis was conducted.
Five themes arose: (1) Diet-Find the line between either-or, (2) Physical activity-Break the comfort zone, (3) Social relations-Stand strong together, (4) Habits-Focus on possibilities instead of bad habits, and (5) Balancing everyday life-Handling life's bumps.
The strategies for a weight loss program including the five components should include awareness of senses and activity patterns surrounding meals, taking one step at a time when focusing of physical activities and be conscious of values, include family and friends in the program to find common ground and self-confidence and use re-placement activities. We suggest that the component of balancing everyday life should be seen as an overall component as all strategies are related to finding meaning and variation in activities which is part of an ongoing weight loss process.
据估计，目前全球有19亿成年人超重或肥胖。体重减轻的可持续性很难实现，而且减肥康复项目因采用个人主义方法而受到批评。有人建议，职业治疗师因其整体视角，可作为跨学科方法的一部分加以利用。在制定一项基于职业治疗的减肥项目过程中，通过早期与健康专业人员和肥胖公民的访谈，出现了五个至关重要的组成部分：饮食、体育活动、社会关系、习惯以及平衡日常生活。在制定该项目之前，我们需要更清楚地了解哪些策略应支持这五个组成部分。本研究的目的是获取与这五个组成部分相关的策略描述，这些策略可支持减肥并成为肥胖人群日常生活的一部分。
本研究采用研究圈（RC）方法进行参与式设计。创建了两个研究圈小组，一个由职业治疗师组成，另一个由肥胖公民组成。研究人员参与了两个研究圈小组。数据通过民主原则获取。两个研究圈小组在4个月的时间里共会面四次。进行了定性内容分析。
出现了五个主题：（1）饮食——找到非此即彼的界限，（2）体育活动——打破舒适区，（3）社会关系——携手共进，（4）习惯——关注可能性而非坏习惯，（5）平衡日常生活——应对生活中的坎坷。
包括这五个组成部分的减肥项目策略应包括对围绕饮食的感官和活动模式的认知，在专注体育活动时一次迈出一步并意识到价值观，让家人和朋友参与项目以找到共同点和自信，以及采用替代活动。我们建议，平衡日常生活这一组成部分应被视为一个整体组成部分，因为所有策略都与在活动中寻找意义和变化有关，而这是持续减肥过程的一部分。
