College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, 1585 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 701 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2021 Jan 6;21(1):62. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-10118-4.
Little is known about associations between perceived stress, psychosocial factors (social support, emotional coping, coping self-efficacy, and autonomous motivation), and depressive symptoms in low-income overweight or obese mothers of young children. Using baseline data of a lifestyle intervention study, this secondary analysis investigates whether perceived stress might mediate the associations between the psychosocial factors and depressive symptoms.
Convenience sampling was applied. Low-income overweight or obese mothers of young children were recruited from the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children in Michigan, US. Survey data were collected through phone interviews. Participants (N = 740) responded to valid surveys measuring perceived stress, social support, emotional coping, coping self-efficacy, autonomous motivation, and depressive symptoms. Composite indicator structural equation modeling was performed to test for potential mediation.
When investigating the potential role of perceived stress as a mediator, the indirect effects of social support (b = - 2.10, p < 0.01), emotion coping (b = - 3.81, p < 0.05), and coping self-efficacy (b = - 7.53, p < 0.01) on depressive symptoms through perceived stress were significant, but the indirect effect of autonomous motivation was not.
Future intervention studies aiming to alleviate depressive symptoms in low-income overweight or obese mothers of young children might consider including practical strategies to promote social support, emotional coping, and coping self-efficacy to reduce perceived stress, which might potentially decrease depressive symptoms.
Clinical Trials NCT01839708 ; registered February 28, 2013.
对于感知压力、心理社会因素（社会支持、情绪应对、应对自我效能感和自主动机）与幼儿期低收入超重或肥胖母亲的抑郁症状之间的关联，人们知之甚少。本二次分析使用生活方式干预研究的基线数据，调查感知压力是否可能在心理社会因素与抑郁症状之间起中介作用。
采用便利抽样法。从美国密歇根州妇女、婴儿和儿童特别补充营养计划中招募了幼儿期低收入超重或肥胖母亲。通过电话访谈收集调查数据。参与者（N=740）回答了有效测量感知压力、社会支持、情绪应对、应对自我效能感、自主动机和抑郁症状的调查问卷。采用复合指标结构方程模型检验潜在的中介作用。
在调查感知压力作为中介的潜在作用时，社会支持（b=-2.10，p<0.01）、情绪应对（b=-3.81，p<0.05）和应对自我效能感（b=-7.53，p<0.01）通过感知压力对抑郁症状的间接影响具有统计学意义，但自主动机的间接影响不具有统计学意义。
未来旨在减轻幼儿期低收入超重或肥胖母亲抑郁症状的干预研究可能需要考虑纳入实用策略，以增强社会支持、情绪应对和应对自我效能感，从而减轻感知压力，可能会降低抑郁症状。
临床试验 NCT01839708；注册于 2013 年 2 月 28 日。
