Kim Sangyub, Abernathy Breann E, Trudo Sabrina P, Gallaher Daniel D
School of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
J Cancer Prev. 2020 Dec 30;25(4):223-233. doi: 10.15430/JCP.2020.25.4.223.
Western-style diets (WD) are associated with greater risk of colon cancer. Exposure to 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine (PhIP), a food-borne carcinogen, is linked to increased colon cancer risk. In contrast, intake of apiaceous and cruciferous vegetables (APIs and CRUs) is associated with reduced risk. Here we evaluated effects of a WD alone or a WD containing API or CRU, relative to a purified diet (basal), on colon cancer risk in mice. All diets were fed at one of two concentrations of PhIP (100 or 400 ppm). The activity of the hepatic PhIP-activating enzyme, cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2, was examined at week 4 and colonic precancerous lesions (aberrant crypt foci, ACF) were enumerated at week 12. In low PhIP-fed groups, CYP1A2 activity was greater for CRU than all other groups, which did not differ from one another. WD had a significantly greater effect on the formation of ACF than the basal diet. In groups fed API or CRU, the ACF number was reduced to the level observed in the basal diet-fed group. In high PhIP-fed groups, all WD-based diets had greater CYP1A2 activity than the basal diet-fed group. Surprisingly, the basal diet group had more ACF than the WD group, and API and CRU groups did not differ from the WD alone group. Thus, at the lower dose of PhIP, the WD increased colon cancer risk in mice, compared to a purified diet, and APIs and CRUs reduced the risk of the WD. However, at the higher dose of PhIP, the enhancement of colon cancer risk by the WD was not evident, nor was the chemopreventive effect of these vegetables.
西式饮食（WD）与患结肠癌的风险更高相关。接触2-氨基-1-甲基-6-苯基咪唑并（4,5-b）吡啶（PhIP），一种食源性致癌物，与患结肠癌风险增加有关。相比之下，摄入伞形科和十字花科蔬菜（API和CRU）与风险降低有关。在此，我们评估了单独的WD或含API或CRU的WD相对于纯化饮食（基础饮食）对小鼠结肠癌风险的影响。所有饮食均以两种浓度之一的PhIP（100或400 ppm）喂养。在第4周检测肝脏PhIP激活酶细胞色素P450（CYP）1A2的活性，并在第12周对结肠癌前病变（异常隐窝灶，ACF）进行计数。在低PhIP喂养组中，CRU组的CYP1A2活性高于所有其他组，而其他组之间无差异。WD对ACF形成的影响显著大于基础饮食。在喂食API或CRU的组中，ACF数量降至基础饮食喂养组中观察到的水平。在高PhIP喂养组中，所有基于WD的饮食的CYP1A2活性均高于基础饮食喂养组。令人惊讶的是，基础饮食组的ACF比WD组更多，且API和CRU组与单独的WD组无差异。因此，在较低剂量的PhIP下，与纯化饮食相比，WD增加了小鼠患结肠癌的风险，而API和CRU降低了WD的风险。然而，在较高剂量的PhIP下，WD对结肠癌风险的增强作用不明显，这些蔬菜的化学预防作用也不明显。
