Breakstone Rimini
Lifespan Cancer Institute, Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021 Jan 5;6:12. doi: 10.21037/tgh.2020.03.08. eCollection 2021.
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has changed the landscape of cancer therapy in multiple tumor types since the first agent, Ipilimumab, was first FDA approved for the treatment of metastatic melanoma in 2011. Its role in GI Cancers, particularly in colon cancers, has not been as robust as in other tumor types but select patients with DNA mismatch repair defects, even those who has progressed on multiple standard chemotherapeutic regimens have demonstrated significant, almost unprecedented, responses in this multidrug refractory population. Unfortunately, these cases represent only a small percentage of colon cancer patients with little efficacy in the 95% of metastatic colon cancers who have proficient DNA mismatch repair. Multiple strategies have been, and are currently being, evaluated to determine the potential benefits of this drug class to microsatellite stable (MSS) patients.
自2011年第一种免疫检查点阻断剂（ICB）药物伊匹单抗首次获得美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准用于治疗转移性黑色素瘤以来，它已经改变了多种肿瘤类型的癌症治疗格局。其在胃肠道癌症，特别是结肠癌中的作用，不如在其他肿瘤类型中那么显著，但部分具有DNA错配修复缺陷的患者，即使是那些在多种标准化疗方案中病情进展的患者，在这个多药难治性群体中也表现出了显著的、几乎前所未有的反应。不幸的是，这些病例仅占结肠癌患者的一小部分，对于95%DNA错配修复功能正常的转移性结肠癌患者几乎没有疗效。目前已经并正在评估多种策略，以确定这类药物对微卫星稳定（MSS）患者的潜在益处。
