Department of Youth and Family, Utrecht University.
Department of Research and Innovation, Cito-National Institute for Educational Measurement.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2021 Jan;120(1):173-191. doi: 10.1037/pspp0000379.
Research on the longitudinal association between self-esteem and satisfaction with social relationships has led to ambiguous conclusions regarding the temporal order and strength of this relation. Existing studies have examined this association across intervals ranging from days to years, leaving it unclear as to what extent differences in timing may explain differences across studies. In the present study, we used continuous time structural equation models (i.e., CT-SEM) to examine cross-lagged relations between the constructs, and also distinguished between-person differences from within-person processes (i.e., RI-CT-SEM). We analyzed 10 years of annual data from the Longitudinal Internet Studies of the Social Sciences ( = 14,741). When using CT-SEM, we found a bidirectional positive relation between self-esteem and satisfaction with social relationships, with larger effects over longer intervals. When using RI-CT-SEM, we found the largest effects of self-esteem and satisfaction with social relationships across intervals of 1 year, with smaller effect sizes at both shorter and longer intervals. In addition, the effect of fluctuations in people's satisfaction with social relationships on fluctuations in their self-esteem was greater than the reverse effect. Our results highlight the importance of considering time when examining the relation between self-esteem and interpersonal outcomes and likely psychological constructs in general. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
关于自尊和社会关系满意度之间的纵向关联的研究导致了关于这种关系的时间顺序和强度的模糊结论。现有研究已经在从几天到几年的时间间隔内检验了这种关联，因此不清楚时间差异在多大程度上可以解释不同研究之间的差异。在本研究中，我们使用连续时间结构方程模型（即 CT-SEM）来检验结构之间的交叉滞后关系，并区分个体间差异和个体内过程（即 RI-CT-SEM）。我们分析了来自社会科学纵向互联网研究（n = 14741）的 10 年年度数据。当使用 CT-SEM 时，我们发现自尊和社会关系满意度之间存在双向正相关关系，且在较长时间间隔内的影响更大。当使用 RI-CT-SEM 时，我们发现自尊和社会关系满意度在 1 年的间隔内具有最大的影响，在较短和较长的间隔内，效应大小较小。此外，人们对社会关系满意度的波动对他们自尊波动的影响大于相反的影响。我们的研究结果强调了在研究自尊与人际关系结果和一般心理结构之间的关系时考虑时间的重要性。
