Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.
SRI International Network and Resources Center (SRI-Rice), Cornell University, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Apr 10;764:144349. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144349. Epub 2020 Dec 25.
Soil encompasses diverse microbial communities that are essential for fundamental ecosystem functions such as biogeochemical cycling. To better understand underlying biogeochemical processes, it is necessary to know the structure of soil archaeal and bacterial communities and their responses to edaphic and climate variables within and across various land cover types (LCTs) and environmental zones (ENZs). Here we sampled eighty-nine sites across five ENZs and four LCTs within the Western Pacific region. Through leveraging the second-generation sequencing of topsoil samples, we showed that α-diversity (taxonomic diversity) of archaea strongly varied within LCTs, whereas bacterial α-diversity was significantly controlled by both LCT and ENZ. Soil archaea and bacteria showed global niche differentiation associated with contrasting diversity responses to latitude and differential responses of microbial diversity patterns to edaphic and climate variables within LCTs and ENZs. In contrast to α-diversity, microbial β-diversity (the compositional dissimilarity between sites) was majorly governed by ENZs, particularly for archaea (P < 0.01). Our results highlight the importance of LCTs and ENZs for understanding soil microbial contributions to nutrient dynamics and ecosystem resilience under land-use intensification and climate change.
土壤中包含着多样的微生物群落，这些微生物对于生物地球化学循环等基本生态系统功能至关重要。为了更好地理解潜在的生物地球化学过程，有必要了解土壤古菌和细菌群落的结构，以及它们对不同土地覆盖类型（LCT）和环境区（ENZ）内和跨区的土壤和气候变量的响应。在这里，我们在西太平洋地区的五个 ENZ 和四个 LCT 中采集了 89 个样本。通过利用表层土壤样本的第二代测序，我们发现古菌的α多样性（分类多样性）在 LCT 内变化很大，而细菌的α多样性则受到 LCT 和 ENZ 的双重控制。土壤古菌和细菌表现出与纬度相关的全球生态位分化，以及与 LCT 和 ENZ 内土壤和气候变量的微生物多样性模式的差异响应。与α多样性相反，微生物β多样性（站点之间的组成差异）主要由 ENZ 控制，对于古菌来说尤为如此（P<0.01）。我们的研究结果突出了 LCT 和 ENZ 在理解土地利用集约化和气候变化下土壤微生物对养分动态和生态系统恢复力的贡献方面的重要性。
