University of Gdansk, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Laboratory of Biologically Active Compounds, Abrahama 58, 80-307, Gdansk, Poland.
Medical University of Gdansk, Department of Pharmacognosy With Medicinal Plant Garden, J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdansk, Poland.
J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2021 Feb 20;195:113863. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113863. Epub 2020 Dec 30.
Iris pseudacorus is one of the most widespread iris species and possesses complex secondary metabolites. Our study showed that its rhizomes are abundant with phenolic compounds of which 80 % belong to the tannin group. Methanolic extracts from garden cultured iris rhizomes possessed antibacterial activity against human Gram positive Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis and Gram negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae pathogens including clinical isolates resistant to commercially available antibiotics. Moreover the extract from rhizome, in concentration 3.125 mg dry weight/mL, containing gallocatechin (1), effectively combats S. aureus biofilm. The same rhizome extract acts against human cancer cell lines, especially against estrogen positive MCF-7 breast cancer cell line (IC = 11.75 μg/mL). In vitro culture of excised, anatomical roots of I. pseudacorus excreted three antistaphylococcal compounds into the plant medium, detected by using TLC-overlayer bioautography. By the use of HPLC-DAD-ESIMS system 2 active compounds were identified as 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6,3'-dimethoxy-isoflavone (7) and unknown dimethoxy-dihydroxy-isoflavone (9). I. pseudacorus as a non-edible plant might be considered to be new, easy accessible, non-wood source of biologically active polyphenolics.
野鸢尾是分布最广的鸢尾属植物之一，拥有复杂的次生代谢产物。我们的研究表明，其根茎富含酚类化合物，其中 80%属于单宁类。从花园种植的鸢尾根茎提取的甲醇提取物对革兰氏阳性金黄色葡萄球菌和粪肠球菌以及革兰氏阴性假单胞菌和肺炎克雷伯菌等病原体具有抗菌活性，包括对市售抗生素有耐药性的临床分离株。此外，浓度为 3.125 mg 干重/mL 的根提取物中所含的没食子儿茶素（1）能有效对抗金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜。同一种根茎提取物还能对抗人类癌细胞系，特别是雌激素阳性 MCF-7 乳腺癌细胞系（IC = 11.75 μg/mL）。通过使用 TLC 覆盖生物自显影法，从解剖的野鸢尾离体根的体外培养中，检测到三种抗葡萄球菌化合物分泌到植物培养基中。通过使用 HPLC-DAD-ESIMS 系统，鉴定出两种活性化合物为 5,7,4'-三羟基-6,3'-二甲氧基异黄酮（7）和未知的二甲氧基二羟基异黄酮（9）。野鸢尾作为一种不可食用的植物，可能被认为是一种新的、易于获得的、非木材来源的生物活性多酚。
