Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, São Mateus, 29932-540, Brazil.
Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, 29932-540, Brazil.
Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 8;11(1):148. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-80496-7.
Evidence suggests that early menarche increases cardiometabolic risk, and adiposity would be a possible mediator of this association. We assessed the association between age at menarche and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors and estimated the indirect effect of body composition in adulthood. In 1982, all hospital births in the city of Pelotas/Brazil, were identified and live births were examined and have been prospectively followed. At 30 years, information on age at menarche and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors was available for 1680 women. Mediation analysis was performed using G-computation to estimate the direct effect of age at menarche and the indirect effect of body composition. The prevalence of age at menarche < 12 years was 24.5% and was associated with higher mean diastolic blood pressure [β: 1.98; 95% CI: 0.56, 3.40], total cholesterol (β: 8.28; 95% CI: 2.67, 13.88), LDL-cholesterol (β: 6.53; 95% CI: 2.00, 11.07), triglycerides (β: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.19). For diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, body composition assessed by fat mass index captured from 43.8 to 98.9% of the effect of early menarche, except to systolic blood pressure, HDL-cholesterol, C-reactive-protein. Suggesting that the effect of menarche age < 12 years on some metabolic cardiovascular risk factors is mediated partially by body composition in adulthood.
有证据表明，初潮提前会增加心血管代谢风险，而肥胖可能是这种关联的一个潜在中介因素。我们评估了初潮年龄与代谢性心血管危险因素之间的关系，并估计了成年后身体成分的间接影响。1982 年，巴西佩洛塔斯市所有的医院分娩均被确定，活产儿接受了检查并进行了前瞻性随访。在 30 岁时，1680 名女性的初潮年龄和代谢性心血管危险因素信息可用。我们使用 G 计算法进行中介分析，以估计初潮年龄的直接效应和身体成分的间接效应。初潮年龄<12 岁的患病率为 24.5%，与较高的平均舒张压[β:1.98;95%CI:0.56,3.40]、总胆固醇（β:8.28;95%CI:2.67,13.88）、LDL 胆固醇（β:6.53;95%CI:2.00,11.07）、甘油三酯（β:0.11;95%CI:0.03,0.19）相关。对于舒张压、总胆固醇、LDL 胆固醇、甘油三酯，脂肪质量指数评估的身体成分在 43.8%到 98.9%的程度上解释了初潮提前对一些代谢性心血管危险因素的影响，但对收缩压、HDL 胆固醇、C 反应蛋白无解释作用。这表明，12 岁前初潮年龄对某些代谢性心血管危险因素的影响部分是由成年后的身体成分介导的。
