Laboratorio de Biotecnología Farmacéutica, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa, Mexico.
Tecnológico Nacional de México, ITS de Comalcalco, División de Ingeniería Ambiental, Tabasco, Mexico.
Lett Appl Microbiol. 2021 May;72(5):542-555. doi: 10.1111/lam.13451. Epub 2021 Feb 2.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic compounds generated mainly by anthropogenic sources. They are considered toxic to mammals, since they have carcinogenic, mutagenic and genotoxic properties, among others. Although mycoremediation is an efficient, economical and eco-friendly technique for degrading PAHs, the fungal degradation potential of the phylum Ascomycota has not been widely studied. In this work, we evaluated different fungal strains from the polluted soil of 'La Escondida' lagoon in Reynosa, Mexico to know their potential to degrade phenanthrene (PHE). Forty-three soil isolates with the capacity to grow in the presence of PHE (0·1% w/v) were obtained. The fungi Aspergillus oryzae MF13 and Aspergillus flavipes QCS12 had the best potential to degrade PHE. Both fungi germinated and grew at PHE concentrations of up to 5000 mg l and degraded 235 mg l of PHE in 28 days, with and without an additional carbon source. These characteristics indicate that A. oryzae MF13 and A. flavipes QCS12 could be promising organisms for the remediation of sites contaminated with PAHs and detoxification of recalcitrant xenobiotics.
多环芳烃（PAHs）是主要由人为来源产生的有机化合物。它们被认为对哺乳动物有毒，因为它们具有致癌、致突变和遗传毒性等特性。虽然真菌修复是一种高效、经济和环保的 PAHs 降解技术，但子囊菌门真菌的降解潜力尚未得到广泛研究。在这项工作中，我们评估了来自墨西哥雷纳索拉埃斯孔迪达泻湖污染土壤中的不同真菌菌株，以了解它们降解菲（PHE）的潜力。从土壤中获得了 43 株能够在 PHE（0.1%w/v）存在的情况下生长的土壤分离株。曲霉（Aspergillus oryzae）MF13 和黄曲霉（Aspergillus flavipes）QCS12 具有最好的 PHE 降解潜力。这两种真菌在高达 5000 mg/L 的 PHE 浓度下均可发芽和生长，并在 28 天内降解 235 mg/L 的 PHE，无论是有无外加碳源。这些特性表明，A.oryzae MF13 和 A.flavipes QCS12 可能是修复 PAHs 污染场地和解毒难降解外来化合物的有前途的生物。
