Germain Joaquim, Raveton Muriel, Binet Marie-Noëlle, Mouhamadou Bello
Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, UMR 5553 CNRS/USMB Université Grenoble Alpes, CEDEX 9, 38058 Grenoble, France.
Microorganisms. 2021 Mar 16;9(3):612. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9030612.
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are organic pollutants that are harmful to environment and toxic to humans. Numerous studies, based on basidiomycete strains, have reported unsatisfactory results in the mycoremediation of PCB-contaminated soils mainly due to the non-telluric origin of these strains. The abilities of a five-Ascomycete-strain consortium in the mycoremediation of PCB-polluted soils and its performance to restore their sound functioning were investigated using mesocosm experiments associated with chromatography gas analysis and enzymatic activity assays. With the soil H containing 850 ppm PCB from which the strains had been isolated, a significant PCB depletion of 29% after three months of treatment was obtained. This led to an important decrease of PCBs from 850 to 604 ppm. With the soil L containing 36 ppm PCB, biodegradation did not occur. In both soils, the fungal biomass quantified by the ergosterol assay, did not increase at the end of the treatment. Biodegradation evidenced in the soil H resulted in a significantly improved stoichiometry of N and P acquiring enzymatic activities. This unprecedented study demonstrates that the native Ascomycetes display remarkable properties for remediation and restoration of functioning of the soil they originated from paving the way for greater consideration of these strains in mycoremediation.
多氯联苯（PCBs）是对环境有害且对人类有毒的有机污染物。许多基于担子菌菌株的研究报告称，在多氯联苯污染土壤的真菌修复中结果不尽人意，主要是因为这些菌株并非源自土壤。使用与气相色谱分析和酶活性测定相关的中宇宙实验，研究了一个由五种子囊菌菌株组成的联合体对多氯联苯污染土壤的真菌修复能力及其恢复土壤正常功能的性能。对于分离出这些菌株的、含有850 ppm多氯联苯的土壤H，经过三个月的处理后，多氯联苯显著减少了29%。这使得多氯联苯含量从850 ppm大幅降至604 ppm。对于含有36 ppm多氯联苯的土壤L，未发生生物降解。在这两种土壤中，通过麦角固醇测定法定量的真菌生物量在处理结束时均未增加。在土壤H中证实的生物降解导致氮和磷获取酶活性的化学计量显著改善。这项前所未有的研究表明，本地子囊菌在修复和恢复其原生土壤功能方面具有显著特性，为在真菌修复中更多地考虑这些菌株铺平了道路。
