Degefa Girma, Wubshet Kindie, Tesfaye Sisay, Hirigo Agete Tadewos
Department of Internal Medicine, Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Sidama Regional State, Southern-Ethiopia.
School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Sidama Regional State, Southern-Ethiopia.
Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes. 2020 Dec 20;13:1179551420981909. doi: 10.1177/1179551420981909. eCollection 2020.
Adequate knowledge, awareness, and adherence to diabetic self-care practices are vital tools to protect patients from risks of disease complications, developing comorbidity and mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to assess specific domains of diabetic self-care practice and associated factors among patients with type-2diabetes in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Sidama regional state.
A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was conducted on 217 patients with type 2 diabetes from January 01 to April 30, 2020. A structured questionnaire and the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) tool were used to collect relevant data through interviewer administration. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 23.
A total of 207 patients with type-2 diabetes were participated in the study with a 95% response rate. Overall 47.8% (95%CI: 41.2-55) of patients adhered to diabetic self-care practice. Concerning the specific domain of self-care practice, 54.6%, 39.1%, 28%, and 65.2% of patients adhered to a healthy diet, physical exercise, self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG), and diabetic foot care practices, respectively. Besides, all patients received at least 80% of the prescribed doses and frequency of anti-diabetic agents and 60.4% had good glycemic control. Receipt of advice from treating physicians and having no familial history of diabetes were significantly associated with adherence toward eating a healthy diet, diabetic foot care, and SMBG. While male sex was associated with adherence toward healthy diet management. Moreover, having glucometer, age, male sex, diabetes duration ⩾ 5 years, and anti-diabetic treatment modality were associated with adherence toward SMBG.
This study indicates 52.2%, 72%, and 60.1% of diabetes patients did not adhere to diabetic self-care, SMBG, and physical exercise, respectively. Improving awareness and regular diabetic education is imperative to scale up patients' adherence toward diabetic self-care practice.
充分了解、认识并坚持糖尿病自我护理措施是保护患者免受疾病并发症、并发疾病和死亡风险的重要手段。因此，本研究旨在评估锡达马地区州哈瓦萨大学综合专科医院2型糖尿病患者糖尿病自我护理措施的具体领域及相关因素。
2020年1月1日至4月30日，对217例2型糖尿病患者进行了一项基于医院的横断面研究设计。通过访员管理，使用结构化问卷和糖尿病自我护理活动总结（SDSCA）工具收集相关数据。使用SPSS 23版进行统计分析。
共有207例2型糖尿病患者参与研究，应答率为95%。总体而言，47.8%（95%置信区间：41.2 - 55）的患者坚持糖尿病自我护理措施。关于自我护理措施的具体领域，分别有54.6%、39.1%、28%和65.2%的患者坚持健康饮食、体育锻炼、自我血糖监测（SMBG）和糖尿病足护理措施。此外，所有患者至少接受了80%规定剂量和频率的抗糖尿病药物治疗，60.4%的患者血糖控制良好。接受治疗医生的建议且无糖尿病家族史与坚持健康饮食、糖尿病足护理和SMBG显著相关。而男性与坚持健康饮食管理相关。此外，拥有血糖仪、年龄、男性、糖尿病病程≥5年以及抗糖尿病治疗方式与坚持SMBG相关。
本研究表明，分别有52.2%、72%和60.1%的糖尿病患者未坚持糖尿病自我护理、SMBG和体育锻炼。提高认识并定期进行糖尿病教育对于提高患者对糖尿病自我护理措施的依从性至关重要。
