Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Policlinico Santa Maria alle Scotte, Viale Bracci, 14, 53100 Siena, Italy.
Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
Mediators Inflamm. 2020 Dec 26;2020:6664062. doi: 10.1155/2020/6664062. eCollection 2020.
The aim of this research was to evaluate the inflammatory and/or oxidative damage related to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which are responsible for negative effects on sperm physiology and metabolism. Thirty New Zealand White rabbit bucks were divided into 5 experimental groups (6 animals/group): , treated with 0.9% NaCl; , treated with a 5 mM AgNP solution; , treated with 50 g/kg b.w. LPS; , treated with an anti-inflammatory drug at 0.2 mg/kg b.w. and 5 mM AgNPs; and , treated with 0.18 mg/kg b.w. vitamin E and 5 mM AgNPs. Sperm quality and oxidative and inflammatory status were assessed at different times (0-60 days). Two statistical models were built: the first evaluated the effects of AgNPs and LPS (vs. Control), whereas the second evaluated the protective effect of an NSAID and vitamin E against AgNP-induced damage. Three principal component analyses were performed: (motility, volume), (antioxidants, oxidative metabolites, and redox reactions), and (TNF-, IL-8, and IL-6). A negative effect on reproductive traits resulted after NP administration. In particular, an inflammatory/oxidative response took place in the reproductive tract during the first 2-3 wks of AgNP administration ( and o generation); the inflammatory/oxidative thrust impaired the status of rabbit tissues (seminal plasma, sperm, and blood), inducing a response (increased and ) at 4-7 wks; oxidative stress, if not totally counteracted, likely induced toxicity in the late phases of AgNP administration (8-9 wks). In conclusion, exposure to silver nanoparticles produced a similar but more persistent effect than that of LPS on rabbit reproductive tissues: AgNP administration triggered a proinflammatory response linked to oxidative thrust, worsening many sperm parameters. However, only anti-inflammatory treatment counteracted the negative effects of AgNPs, whereas vitamin E seemed to act as an adjuvant, attenuating the oxidative cascade.
本研究旨在评估与银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）相关的炎症和/或氧化损伤，这些颗粒会对精子的生理和代谢产生负面影响。将 30 只新西兰白兔分为 5 个实验组（每组 6 只动物）： ，用 0.9%生理盐水处理； ，用 5mM AgNP 溶液处理； ，用 50g/kg b.w. LPS 处理； ，用 0.2mg/kg b.w. 的抗炎药物和 5mM AgNP 处理； ，用 0.18mg/kg b.w. 的维生素 E 和 5mM AgNP 处理。在不同时间（0-60 天）评估精子质量以及氧化和炎症状态。建立了两个统计模型：第一个评估了 AgNPs 和 LPS 的影响（与对照相比），而第二个评估了 NSAID 和维生素 E 对 AgNP 诱导损伤的保护作用。进行了三个主成分分析： （活力、体积）， （抗氧化剂、氧化代谢物和氧化还原反应），和 （TNF-α、IL-8 和 IL-6）。NP 给药后对生殖特性产生了负面影响。特别是，在 AgNP 给药的前 2-3 周内，生殖道发生了炎症/氧化反应（和 o 代）；炎症/氧化冲击损害了兔组织的状态（精液、精子和血液），在 4-7 周时引起了反应（增加和）；如果氧化应激没有完全得到抑制，可能会在 AgNP 给药的后期阶段（8-9 周）引起毒性。总之，暴露于银纳米颗粒对兔生殖组织产生了类似于 LPS 的但更持久的影响：AgNP 给药引发了与氧化冲击相关的促炎反应，使许多精子参数恶化。然而，只有抗炎治疗才能抵消 AgNPs 的负面影响，而维生素 E 似乎作为一种佐剂，减轻了氧化级联反应。
