Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, CAS; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, CAS; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Mar 1;210:111903. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111903. Epub 2021 Jan 9.
A diverse and large community of gut microbiota reside in the intestinal tract of various organisms and play important roles in metabolism and immune homeostasis of its host. The disorders of microbiota-host interaction have been closely associated with numerous chronic inflammatory and metabolic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease and type 2 diabetes. The accumulating evidence has shown that fine particulate matter (PM) exposure contributes to the diabetes, atherosclerosis and inflammatory bowel diseases; however, few studies have explored the impact of inhaled diesel PM on gut microbiota in vivo. In this study, C57BL/6J mice were exposed to diesel PM for 14 days via intratracheal instillation, and colon tissues and feces were harvested for microbiota analysis. Using high-throughput sequencing technology, we observed that intratracheally instillated diesel PM significantly altered the gut microbiota diversity and community. At the phylum and genus levels, principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and principal component analysis (PCA) indicated pronounced segregation of microbiota compositions, which were further confirmed by β diversity analysis. As the most affected phylum, Bacteroidetes was greatly diminished by diesel PM. On the genus level, Escherichia, Parabacteroides, Akkermansia, and Oscillibacter were significantly elevated by diesel PM exposure. Our findings provided clear evidence that exposure to diesel PM via intratracheal instillation deteriorated the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and significantly altered the structure and composition of gut microbiota, which might subsequently contribute to the developmental abnormalities of inflammation, immunity and metabolism.
肠道微生物群落是一个多样化且庞大的群体，存在于各种生物体的肠道中，在宿主的代谢和免疫稳态中发挥着重要作用。微生物群落与宿主相互作用的失调与许多慢性炎症性和代谢性疾病密切相关，包括炎症性肠病和 2 型糖尿病。越来越多的证据表明，细颗粒物（PM）暴露会导致糖尿病、动脉粥样硬化和炎症性肠病；然而，很少有研究探讨吸入性柴油 PM 对体内肠道微生物群的影响。在这项研究中，通过气管内滴注的方式使 C57BL/6J 小鼠暴露于柴油 PM 14 天，并采集结肠组织和粪便进行微生物分析。使用高通量测序技术，我们观察到气管内滴注的柴油 PM 显著改变了肠道微生物群的多样性和组成。在门和属水平上，主坐标分析（PCoA）和主成分分析（PCA）表明微生物群落组成明显分离，β多样性分析进一步证实了这一点。作为受影响最严重的门，拟杆菌门被柴油 PM 大大减少。在属水平上，大肠杆菌、副拟杆菌、阿克曼氏菌和颤螺菌因柴油 PM 暴露而显著升高。我们的研究结果提供了明确的证据，表明通过气管内滴注暴露于柴油 PM 会损害胃肠道（GI）道，并显著改变肠道微生物群的结构和组成，这可能随后导致炎症、免疫和代谢的发育异常。
