J Phys Act Health. 2021 Feb 1;18(2):157-164. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2019-0659. Epub 2021 Jan 11.
To investigate the association between step counts and brain volumes (BVs)-global and 6 a priori selected cognition-related regions of interest-in Japanese men aged 40-79 years.
The authors analyzed data from 680 cognitively intact participants of the Shiga Epidemiological Study of Subclinical Atherosclerosis-a population-based observational study. Using multivariable linear regression, the authors assessed cross-sectional associations between 7-day step counts at baseline (2006-2008) and BVs at follow-up (2012-2015) for age-stratified groups (<60 y and ≥60 y).
In the older adults ≥60 years, step counts at baseline (per 1000 steps) were associated with total BV at follow-up (β = 1.42, P = .022) while adjusted for potential covariates. Regions of interest-based analyses yielded an association of step counts with both prefrontal cortexes (P < .05) in older adults, while the left entorhinal cortex showed marginally significant association (P = .05). No association was observed with hippocampus, parahippocampal, cingulum, and cerebellum. No association was observed in younger adults (<60 y).
The authors found a positive association between 7-day step counts and BVs, including prefrontal cortexes, and left entorhinal cortex in apparently healthy Japanese men.
为了研究步数值与大脑体积（BVs）——全球和 6 个预先选择的与认知相关的感兴趣区域——之间的关联，本研究纳入了年龄在 40-79 岁的日本男性。
作者分析了认知正常的 Shiga 亚临床动脉粥样硬化人群观察性研究（一项基于人群的观察性研究）中的 680 名参与者的数据。作者使用多变量线性回归，评估了基线（2006-2008 年）7 天步数与随访时（2012-2015 年）BVs 之间的横断面关联，将年龄分层（<60 岁和≥60 岁）。
在≥60 岁的老年参与者中，基线（每 1000 步）的步数与随访时的总 BV 呈正相关（β=1.42，P=0.022），同时调整了潜在的混杂因素。基于感兴趣区域的分析显示，步数与老年人大脑前额叶（P<0.05）存在关联，而左内嗅皮层则存在边缘显著关联（P=0.05）。未观察到与海马体、海马旁回、扣带回和小脑的关联。在年轻参与者（<60 岁）中未观察到关联。
本研究发现，在日本健康男性中，7 天步数与大脑体积（包括前额叶和左内嗅皮层）呈正相关。
