Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Anthropology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 2021 Apr;174(4):583-594. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.24226. Epub 2021 Jan 11.
Intersectionality, the theory named by Kimberlé Crenshaw, outlines how multiple elements of an individual's social identity overlap to create and preserve societal inequalities and discrimination. Recently bioarchaeology's engagement with intersectionality has become increasingly explicit, as the field recognizes the lived experience of multiple axes of an individual's identity. Evidence of trauma can remain observable in an individual's skeleton for years, making it an ideal subject of study for intersectional analyses in bioarchaeology. Using contrasting case studies of two individuals who died in hospitals and were unclaimed after death, we explore the theoretical and methodological application of intersectionality to investigations of accidental and interpersonal trauma. Differences in identities and structural inequalities affect bone quality and health outcomes. As we demonstrate, a broken bone is the intersecting result of biological, histomorphological, sociocultural, and behavioral factors. This approach allows for a better acknowledgement of the inherent complexity of past lives, elevating and amplifying previously silenced voices. In this way, intersectionality in bioarchaeology demands social justice.
交叉性理论是金伯利·克伦肖提出的，该理论阐述了个体社会身份的多个要素是如何重叠的，从而导致并维持社会的不平等和歧视。最近，生物考古学越来越明确地参与到交叉性理论中，因为该领域认识到了个体身份的多个轴的实际经历。一个人的骨骼中可以多年来一直存在可观察到的创伤证据，这使其成为生物考古学中交叉分析的理想研究对象。我们使用两个在医院死亡且死后无人认领的个体的对比案例研究，探讨了将交叉性理论应用于意外和人际创伤调查的理论和方法。身份差异和结构不平等会影响骨骼质量和健康结果。正如我们所展示的，骨折是生物、组织形态学、社会文化和行为因素相互作用的结果。这种方法可以更好地承认过去生活的固有复杂性，提升和放大以前被忽视的声音。通过这种方式，生物考古学中的交叉性理论要求社会公正。
