Ibrahim Abdulrahman, Ibrahim Ahmed, Parimon Tanyalak
Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland/Ochsner Clinical School, New Orleans, LA 70121, USA.
Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2021 Jan 7;11(1):87. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11010087.
Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are chronic irreversible pulmonary conditions with significant morbidity and mortality. Diagnostic approaches to ILDs are complex and multifactorial. Effective therapeutic interventions are continuously investigated and explored with substantial progress, thanks to advances in basic understanding and translational efforts. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) offer a new paradigm in diagnosis and treatment. This leads to two significant implications: new disease biomarker discovery that enables reliable diagnosis and disease assessment and the development of regenerative medicine therapeutics that target fibroproliferative processes in diseased lung tissue. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the role of diseased tissue-derived EVs in the development of interstitial lung diseases, the utility of these EVs as diagnostic and prognostic tools, and the existing therapeutic utility of EVs. Furthermore, we review the potential therapeutic application of EVs derived from various cellular sources.
间质性肺疾病（ILDs）是具有显著发病率和死亡率的慢性不可逆肺部疾病。ILDs的诊断方法复杂且涉及多方面因素。由于在基础认识和转化研究方面的进展，有效的治疗干预措施不断得到研究和探索，并取得了重大进展。细胞外囊泡（EVs）为诊断和治疗提供了新的范例。这带来了两个重要影响：发现新的疾病生物标志物以实现可靠的诊断和疾病评估，以及开发针对患病肺组织中纤维增生过程的再生医学疗法。在本综述中，我们讨论了目前对患病组织衍生的EVs在间质性肺疾病发展中的作用的理解、这些EVs作为诊断和预后工具的效用以及EVs现有的治疗效用。此外，我们还综述了源自各种细胞来源的EVs的潜在治疗应用。
