Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK.
Behavioural and Implementation Science Group, School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 7;18(2):430. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18020430.
Use of e-cigarettes (vaping) has potential to help pregnant women stop smoking. This study explored factors influencing adherence among participants in the vaping arm of the first trial of vaping for smoking cessation in pregnancy. We conducted semi-structured telephone interviews (n = 28) with women at three-months postpartum. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis, informed by the Theoretical-Domains Framework, Necessity-Concerns Framework and Perceptions and Practicalities Approach. Interviewees generally reported high levels of vaping. We found that: (1) intervention adherence was driven by four necessity beliefs-stopping smoking for the baby, and vaping for harm reduction, smoking cessation or as a last resort; (2) necessity beliefs outweighed vaping concerns, such as dependence and safety; (3) adherence was linked to four practicalities themes, acting as barriers and facilitators to vaping-device and e-liquid perceptions, resources and support, whether vaping became habitual, and social and environmental factors; and (4) intentional non-adherence was rare; unintentional non-adherence was due to device failures, forgetting to vape, and personal circumstances and stress. Pregnant smokers provided with e-cigarettes, and with generally high levels of vaping, had positive beliefs about the necessity of vaping for smoking cessation which outweighed concerns about vaping. Non-adherence was mainly due to unintentional factors.
使用电子烟（蒸气烟）有可能帮助孕妇戒烟。本研究探讨了影响妊娠戒烟蒸气烟试验中蒸气烟组参与者坚持使用的因素。我们在产后三个月对 28 名女性进行了半结构式电话访谈。使用理论领域框架、必要性-关注框架和感知与实践方法对访谈进行了主题分析。受访者普遍报告蒸气烟使用量较高。我们发现：（1）干预坚持性受四种必要性信念驱动——为了婴儿而戒烟，以及为了减少伤害、戒烟或作为最后的手段而蒸气烟；（2）必要性信念超过了对蒸气烟的关注，例如依赖和安全性；（3）坚持性与四个实际问题相关，这些问题对蒸气烟设备和电子烟液的感知、资源和支持、蒸气烟是否成为习惯以及社会和环境因素产生了障碍和促进作用；（4）故意不坚持的情况很少；非故意不坚持是由于设备故障、忘记蒸气烟、个人情况和压力造成的。为提供电子烟的孕妇，以及普遍高水平使用电子烟的孕妇，对蒸气烟作为戒烟手段的必要性持积极信念，这超过了对蒸气烟的关注。不坚持主要是由于非故意因素。
