Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (J.R.G., B.K.N.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor (W.D.).
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2021 Feb;14(2):e006760. doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.120.006760. Epub 2021 Jan 12.
Smartphone and wearable device use is rising broadly and can be leveraged for chronic disease management. Just-in-time adaptive interventions promise to deliver personalized, dynamic interventions directly to patients through use of push notifications from mobile devices. Although just-in-time adaptive interventions are a powerful tool for shaping health behavior, their application to cardiovascular disease management has been limited as they can be challenging to design. Herein, we provide a general overview and conceptual framework for microrandomized trials, a novel experimental study design that can be used to optimize just-in-time adaptive interventions. Microrandomized trials leverage mobile devices to sequentially randomize participants to types or levels of an intervention to determine the effectiveness of an intervention and time-varying moderators of those effects. Microrandomized trials are an efficient study design that can be used to determine which intervention components to include in just-in-time adaptive interventions and to optimize their decision rules while maintaining the strength of causal inference associated with traditional randomized controlled trials.
智能手机和可穿戴设备的使用正在广泛普及，可用于慢性病管理。即时自适应干预措施有望通过移动设备的推送通知直接向患者提供个性化、动态的干预措施。尽管即时自适应干预措施是塑造健康行为的有力工具，但由于设计具有挑战性，它们在心血管疾病管理中的应用受到限制。在此，我们提供了微随机试验的概述和概念框架，这是一种新颖的实验研究设计，可用于优化即时自适应干预措施。微随机试验利用移动设备，按顺序将参与者随机分配到干预的类型或水平，以确定干预措施的有效性和这些效果的时变调节因素。微随机试验是一种高效的研究设计，可用于确定即时自适应干预措施中应包含哪些干预措施组件，并优化其决策规则，同时保持与传统随机对照试验相关的因果推理强度。
