New loci required for Streptomyces coelicolor morphological and physiological differentiation.

Streptomyces coelicolor colonies differentiate both morphologically, producing aerial spore chains, and physiologically, producing antibiotics as secondary metabolites. Single mutations, which block both aspects of differentiation, define bld (bald colony) genes. To identify new bld genes, mutagenized colonies were screened for blocks in the earliest stage of sporulation, the formation of aerial mycelia, and blocks in antibiotic synthesis. The mutations in 12 mutants were mapped; in each strain, the pleiotropic phenotype was due to a single mutation. Seven of the strains contained mutations in known bld loci, bldA and bldB. Three strains contained mutations in a new locus, bldG, and two contained mutations in another new locus, bldH. Like the previously defined bldA mutants, the bldG and bldH mutants were developmentally blocked on glucose. On a variety of carbon sources whose utilization was subject to glucose repression, the developmental blocks were partially relieved for bldG (and bldA) mutants and fully relieved for bldH mutants. These results are compatible with an hypothesis which suggests that there are two alternative controls on S. coelicolor differentiation, one of which is glucose repressible.