Penn State College of Medicine, 90 Hope Drive, Hershey, PA, 17061.
Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17061.
J Sch Health. 2021 Mar;91(3):218-226. doi: 10.1111/josh.12993. Epub 2021 Jan 12.
All 50 states have school-entry immunization requirements, and many also allow exemptions based on medical and non-medical reasons. School nurses are responsible for managing student immunization compliance based on state policies, but lack standardized resources and guidance.
Pennsylvania school nurses (N = 21) participated in semi-structured interviews regarding their strategies for communication and management of student immunization information, along with resources needed for practice improvement. Data were analyzed using descriptive content analysis.
Nurses reported similarities in timelines used for communication of immunization requirements, but differences in mechanisms used to secure and manage immunization records. Nurses reported a need for clarity regarding exclusions and exemption policy implementation and requested standardized resources and guidance for navigating immunization compliance.
A need exists for standardized processes that support immunization compliance. Furthermore, nurses highlighted a need for additional training and enhanced networks to develop creative strategies for promoting immunization uptake among families.
所有 50 个州都有入学免疫要求，许多州也允许基于医疗和非医疗原因的豁免。学校护士负责根据州政策管理学生免疫接种的合规性，但缺乏标准化的资源和指导。
宾夕法尼亚州的学校护士（N=21）参加了半结构化访谈，内容涉及他们在沟通和管理学生免疫信息方面的策略，以及改善实践所需的资源。使用描述性内容分析对数据进行分析。
护士报告说，在沟通免疫要求的时间表上存在相似之处，但在确保和管理免疫记录的机制上存在差异。护士报告说，需要明确排除和豁免政策的实施，并要求为免疫接种合规性提供标准化的资源和指导。
需要标准化的流程来支持免疫接种的合规性。此外，护士强调需要额外的培训和增强的网络，以制定创造性的策略来促进家庭的免疫接种率。
