Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, Somerset, UNITED KINGDOM.
Department of Kinesiology and Sport Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2021 Jul 1;53(7):1495-1504. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002593.
The purpose of this study was to assess the acute effects of exercise mode and intensity on postprandial macronutrient metabolism.
Ten healthy men age 39 ± 10 yr with chronic paraplegia (13.2 ± 8.8 yr, ASIA A-C) completed three isocaloric bouts of upper-body exercise and a resting control. After an overnight fast, participants completed circuit resistance exercise (CRE) first and the following conditions in a randomized order, separated by >48 h: i) control (CON), ~45-min seated rest; ii) moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE), ~40-min arm cranking at a resistance equivalent to ~30% peak power output (PPO); and iii) high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), ~30 min arm cranking with resistance alternating every 2 min between 10% PPO and 70% PPO. After each condition, participants completed a mixed-meal tolerance test consisting of a 2510-kJ liquid meal (35% fat, 50% carbohydrate, 15% protein). Blood and expired gas samples were collected at baseline and regular intervals for 150 min after a meal.
An interaction (P < 0.001) was observed, with rates of lipid oxidation elevated above CON in HIIE until 60 min after a meal and in CRE at all postprandial time points up to 150 min after a meal. Postprandial blood glycerol was greater in MICE (P = 0.020) and CRE (P = 0.001) compared with CON. Furthermore, nonesterified fatty acid area under the curve had a moderate-to-strong effect in CRE versus MICE and HIIE (Cohen's d = -0.76 and -0.50, respectively).
In persons with paraplegia, high-intensity exercise increased postprandial energy expenditure independent of the energy cost of exercise. Furthermore, exercise combining resistance and endurance modes (CRE) showed the greater effect on postprandial lipid oxidation.
本研究旨在评估运动方式和强度对餐后宏量营养素代谢的急性影响。
10 名年龄 39±10 岁、慢性截瘫（13.2±8.8 年，ASIA A-C）的健康男性完成了三次等热量的上半身运动和休息对照。在禁食过夜后，参与者首先完成循环阻力运动（CRE），然后以随机顺序完成以下条件，间隔>48 小时：i）对照（CON），静坐休息约 45 分钟；ii）中等强度连续运动（MICE），约 40 分钟手臂曲柄运动，阻力相当于约 30%峰值功率输出（PPO）；iii）高强度间歇运动（HIIE），约 30 分钟手臂曲柄运动，阻力每 2 分钟在 10%PPO 和 70%PPO 之间交替。在每种情况下，参与者完成了一个混合餐耐量测试，包括 2510 千焦的液体餐（35%脂肪、50%碳水化合物、15%蛋白质）。在餐后 150 分钟内，在基线和定期时间点采集血液和呼出气体样本。
观察到一种交互作用（P<0.001），HIIE 中的脂质氧化率高于 CON，直到餐后 60 分钟，而在 CRE 中，在餐后 150 分钟内的所有时间点都高于 CON。与 CON 相比，MICE（P=0.020）和 CRE（P=0.001）中的餐后血甘油三酯更高。此外，非酯化脂肪酸曲线下面积在 CRE 与 MICE 和 HIIE 之间具有中到强的影响（Cohen's d=-0.76 和-0.50）。
在截瘫患者中，高强度运动增加了餐后能量消耗，而与运动的能量成本无关。此外，结合阻力和耐力运动模式（CRE）的运动对餐后脂质氧化显示出更大的影响。
