Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n. 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO: Centre for Genomics and Oncology (Pfizer-University of Granada and Andalusian Regional Government), Granada, Spain.
Semin Cancer Biol. 2021 Aug;73:86-100. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.01.001. Epub 2021 Jan 9.
Evidence demonstrates the importance of lipid metabolism and signaling in cancer cell biology. De novo lipogenesis is an important source of lipids for cancer cells, but exogenous lipid uptake remains essential for many cancer cells. Dietary lipids can modify lipids present in tumor microenvironment affecting cancer cell metabolism. Clinical trials have shown that diets rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) can negatively affect tumor growth. However, certain n-6 PUFAs can also contribute to cancer progression. Identifying the molecular mechanisms through which lipids affect cancer progression will provide an opportunity for focused dietary interventions that could translate into the development of personalized diets for cancer control. However, the effective mechanisms of action of PUFAs have not been fully clarified yet. Mitochondria controls ATP generation, redox homeostasis, metabolic signaling, apoptotic pathways and many aspects of autophagy, and it has been recognized to play a key role in cancer. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current evidence linking dietary lipids effects on mitochondrial aspects with consequences for cancer progression and the molecular mechanisms that underlie this association.
证据表明脂质代谢和信号在癌细胞生物学中具有重要作用。从头合成脂质是癌细胞脂质的重要来源，但外源性脂质摄取对许多癌细胞仍然至关重要。膳食脂质可以修饰肿瘤微环境中存在的脂质，从而影响癌细胞代谢。临床试验表明，富含多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA) 的饮食可能会对肿瘤生长产生负面影响。然而，某些 n-6 PUFA 也可能促进癌症进展。确定脂质影响癌症进展的分子机制将为有针对性的饮食干预提供机会，从而有可能为癌症控制制定个性化饮食。然而，PUFA 的有效作用机制尚未完全阐明。线粒体控制着 ATP 的生成、氧化还原平衡、代谢信号、凋亡途径和自噬的许多方面，它已被认为在癌症中发挥着关键作用。本综述的目的是总结目前关于膳食脂质对线粒体方面影响与癌症进展后果的关联的证据，并探讨其潜在的分子机制。
