Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2021 Mar;135:111230. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111230. Epub 2021 Feb 1.
Diabetes mellitus is mainly associated with degeneration of the central nervous system, which eventually leads to cognitive deficit. Although some studies suggest that exercise can improve the cognitive decline associated with diabetes, the potential effects of endurance training (ET) accompanied by Matricaria chamomilla (M.ch) flowers extract on cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes has been poorly understood. Forty male Wistar rats were randomized into 5 equal groups of 8: healthy-sedentary (H-sed), diabetes-sedentary (D-sed), diabetes-endurance training (D-ET), diabetes-Matricaria chamomilla. (D-M.ch), and diabetes-endurance training-Matricaria chamomilla. (D-ET-M.ch). Nicotinamide (110 mg/kg, i.p.) and Streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, i.p.) were utilized to initiate type 2 diabetes. Then, ET (5 days/week) and M.ch (200 mg/kg body weight/daily) were administered for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks of the experiment, cognitive functions were assessed using the Morris Water Maze (MWM) test and a passive avoidance paradigm using a shuttle box device. Subsequently, using crystal violet staining, neuron necrosis was examined in the CA3 area of the hippocampus. Diabetic rats showed cognitive impairment following an increase in the number of necrotic cells in region CA3 of the hippocampal tissue. Also, diabetes increased serum levels of lipid peroxidation and decreased total antioxidant capacity in serum and hippocampal tissue. ET + M.ch treatment prevented the necrosis of neurons in the hippocampal tissue. Following positive changes in hippocampal tissue and serum antioxidant enzyme levels, an improvement was observed in the cognitive impairment of the diabetic rats receiving ET + M.ch. Therefore the results showed that treatment with ET + M.ch could ameliorate memory and inactive avoidance in diabetic rats. Hence, the use of ET + M.ch interventions is proposed as a new therapeutic perspective on the death of hippocampal neurons and cognitive deficit caused by diabetes.
糖尿病主要与中枢神经系统的退化有关，最终导致认知缺陷。虽然一些研究表明，运动可以改善与糖尿病相关的认知能力下降，但 2 型糖尿病患者进行耐力训练（ET）并同时服用洋甘菊（M.ch）花提取物对认知障碍的潜在影响仍知之甚少。将 40 只雄性 Wistar 大鼠随机分为 5 组，每组 8 只：健康安静组（H-sed）、糖尿病安静组（D-sed）、糖尿病耐力训练组（D-ET）、糖尿病洋甘菊组（D-M.ch）和糖尿病耐力训练+洋甘菊组（D-ET-M.ch）。用烟酰胺（110mg/kg，腹腔注射）和链脲佐菌素（65mg/kg，腹腔注射）诱导 2 型糖尿病。然后，进行 12 周的 ET（每周 5 天）和 M.ch（200mg/kg 体重/天）给药。实验 12 周后，使用 Morris 水迷宫（MWM）测试和穿梭箱装置进行被动回避范式评估认知功能。随后，用结晶紫染色检测海马 CA3 区神经元坏死情况。糖尿病大鼠在海马组织 CA3 区坏死细胞数量增加后表现出认知障碍。此外，糖尿病还增加了血清脂质过氧化水平，降低了血清和海马组织中的总抗氧化能力。ET+M.ch 治疗可防止海马组织神经元坏死。在海马组织和血清抗氧化酶水平发生积极变化后，接受 ET+M.ch 的糖尿病大鼠的认知障碍得到改善。因此，结果表明，ET+M.ch 治疗可改善糖尿病大鼠的记忆和被动回避能力。因此，建议将 ET+M.ch 干预作为一种新的治疗方法，用于治疗糖尿病引起的海马神经元死亡和认知障碍。
