Yu Hairong, Qiao Anhua, Gui Li
School of Nursing, Second Military Medical University No. 800, Xiangyin Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University No. 415 Fengyang Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, PR China.
Int Emerg Nurs. 2021 Mar;55:100961. doi: 10.1016/j.ienj.2020.100961. Epub 2021 Jan 9.
Challenging emergency caring situations can contribute to compassion fatigue and burnout among emergency nurses. These variables have been widely researched, although not among Chinese nurses. Pertinent findings will extend the international literature in this domain.
This study aimed to develop and test a model that delineates the predictive relationship that empathy, self-compassion, job satisfaction, individual and work-related factors share with compassion fatigue, burnout, and compassion satisfaction.
A cross-sectional survey design was adopted. Data were collected from 186 emergency nurses recruited from eight hospitals across six cities in China. Descriptive statistics were computed, and univariate and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted.
Empathy, job satisfaction, and self-compassion explained a substantial proportion of the variance in compassion fatigue, burnout, and compassion satisfaction. Factors related to life disruption and traumatic memories significantly predicted compassion fatigue and burnout. The final model included the following predictors: prior history of a severe illness, perspective taking, compassionate care, employee engagement, mindfulness, self-judgement, and over-identification.
Stress involved in providing emergency care may increase emotional and work-related burden among emergency nurses. Organisations should design interventions that nurture empathy, promote self-compassion, and improve job satisfaction to alleviate their compassion fatigue and burnout and increase compassion satisfaction.
具有挑战性的急诊护理情况可能导致急诊护士出现同情疲劳和职业倦怠。这些变量已得到广泛研究，不过在中国护士中尚未开展此类研究。相关研究结果将扩展该领域的国际文献。
本研究旨在构建并检验一个模型，该模型描述共情、自我同情、工作满意度、个体因素及工作相关因素与同情疲劳、职业倦怠和同情满足感之间的预测关系。
采用横断面调查设计。从中国六个城市八家医院招募的186名急诊护士收集数据。计算描述性统计量，并进行单变量和分层多元回归分析。
共情、工作满意度和自我同情在很大程度上解释了同情疲劳、职业倦怠和同情满足感的方差。与生活干扰和创伤性记忆相关的因素显著预测了同情疲劳和职业倦怠。最终模型包括以下预测因素：严重疾病既往史、换位思考、同情关怀、员工敬业度、正念、自我评判和过度认同。
提供急诊护理所涉及的压力可能会增加急诊护士的情绪负担和工作负担。组织应设计干预措施，培养共情能力、促进自我同情并提高工作满意度，以减轻他们的同情疲劳和职业倦怠，增强同情满足感。
