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生物质燃烧事件对 PM 浓度和空气质量的影响：以圣保罗大都市区为例。

Influence of a Biomass-Burning Event in PM Concentration and Air Quality: A Case Study in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo.

机构信息

Federal Institute of São Paulo (IFSP), Campus Registro, São Paulo 11900-000, Brazil.

Center for Lasers and Applications (CELAP), Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research (IPEN), São Paulo 11900-000, Brazil.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2021 Jan 9;21(2):425. doi: 10.3390/s21020425.

DOI:10.3390/s21020425
PMID:33435367
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7826521/
Abstract

Severe biomass burning (BB) events have become increasingly common in South America in the last few years, mainly due to the high number of wildfires observed recently. Such incidents can negatively influence the air quality index associated with PM (particulate matter, which is harmful to human health). A study performed in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo (MASP) took place on selected days of July 2019, evaluated the influence of a BB event on air quality. Use of combined remote sensing, a surface monitoring system and data modeling and enabled detection of the BB plume arrival (light detection and ranging (lidar) ratio of (50 ± 34) sr at 532 nm, and (72 ± 45) sr at 355 nm) and how it affected the Ångström exponent (>1.3), atmospheric optical depth (>0.7), PM concentrations (>25 µg.m), and air quality classification. The utilization of high-order statistical moments, obtained from elastic lidar, provided a new way to observe the entrainment process, allowing understanding of how a decoupled aerosol layer influences the local urban area. This new novel approach enables a lidar system to obtain the same results as a more complex set of instruments and verify how BB events contribute from air masses aloft towards near ground ones.

摘要

近年来，南美洲严重的生物质燃烧（BB）事件变得越来越普遍，主要是因为最近观察到大量的野火。这些事件会对与 PM（对人体健康有害的颗粒物）相关的空气质量指数产生负面影响。在 2019 年 7 月的特定日子里，在圣保罗大都市区（MASP）进行了一项研究，评估了 BB 事件对空气质量的影响。使用组合遥感、地面监测系统和数据建模和，能够检测到 BB 羽流的到达（532nm 处的激光雷达比（50±34）sr，355nm 处的（72±45）sr），以及它如何影响 Ångström 指数（>1.3）、大气光学深度（>0.7）、PM 浓度（>25μg.m）和空气质量分类。从弹性激光雷达获得的高阶统计矩的利用提供了一种观察夹带过程的新方法，有助于理解分离的气溶胶层如何影响当地城市地区。这种新的新颖方法使激光雷达系统能够获得与更复杂的仪器组相同的结果，并验证 BB 事件如何从高空气团向近地气团贡献。

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