Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Health and Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80524, USA.
Department of Food Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 8;22(2):595. doi: 10.3390/ijms22020595.
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by a heightened immune response to gluten proteins in the diet, leading to gastrointestinal symptoms and mucosal damage localized to the small intestine. Despite its prevalence, the only treatment currently available for celiac disease is complete avoidance of gluten proteins in the diet. Ongoing clinical trials have focused on targeting the immune response or gluten proteins through methods such as immunosuppression, enhanced protein degradation and protein sequestration. Recent studies suggest that polyphenols may elicit protective effects within the celiac disease milieu by disrupting the enzymatic hydrolysis of gluten proteins, sequestering gluten proteins from recognition by critical receptors in pathogenesis and exerting anti-inflammatory effects on the system as a whole. This review highlights mechanisms by which polyphenols can protect against celiac disease, takes a critical look at recent works and outlines future applications for this potential treatment method.
乳糜泻是一种自身免疫性疾病，其特征是对饮食中的 gluten 蛋白产生过度免疫反应，导致胃肠道症状和局限于小肠的黏膜损伤。尽管乳糜泻很常见，但目前唯一可用的治疗方法是完全避免饮食中的 gluten 蛋白。正在进行的临床试验侧重于通过免疫抑制、增强蛋白降解和蛋白隔离等方法靶向免疫反应或 gluten 蛋白。最近的研究表明，多酚可能通过破坏 gluten 蛋白的酶水解、将 gluten 蛋白与发病机制中关键受体的识别隔离以及对整个系统发挥抗炎作用，在乳糜泻环境中产生保护作用。本文重点介绍了多酚可以预防乳糜泻的机制，批判性地审视了最近的研究工作，并概述了这种潜在治疗方法的未来应用。
