Andualem Zewudu, Nigussie Azene Zelalem, Dessie Awrajaw, Dagne Henok, Dagnew Baye
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar.
Department of Women's and Family Health, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar.
Multidiscip Respir Med. 2020 Dec 23;15(1):710. doi: 10.4081/mrm.2020.710. eCollection 2020 Jan 28.
Acute respiratory infections are a serious public health concern across the globe, they are, however, prominently present in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Ethiopia, different primary studies were conducted in regard to the link between household biomass fuel use and acute respiratory infections among under-five children. However, there is no national study on the association between household biomass fuel use and acute respiratory is infections among under-five children. Thus, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the pooled prevalence of acute respiratory infections and their predictors among under-five children in Ethiopia. The systematic review was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline. We systematically searched the databases: PubMed/Medline, Cochrane library, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched to access potentially relevant articles conducted in Ethiopia about acute respiratory infections among under five children. Stata/SE 14.00 statistical software was used for analysis and the pooled prevalence with 95% confidence interval (CI) were presented using tables and forest plots. To assess the heterogeneity among studies, I square (I2) tests were used. Publication bias was checked by Begg's and Egger's regression test. The random effects meta-analysis model was employed to estimate the pooled prevalence and predictors of under-five acute respiratory infections A total of 7 studies with 8, 529 study participants were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of acute respiratory infection among under five children was 17.75% (95% CI: 16.95, 18.55). Child holding during cooking (OR: 2.84, 95% CI: 1.48, 5.47) and using unclean sources of energy for cooking (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.70) were identified predictors of under-five children acute respiratory infection. In the current study, the pooled prevalence of acute respiratory infection among under-five children was relatively high. Child holding during cooking and using unclean sources of energy for cooking were significantly associated with under-five acute respiratory infections. Therefore, the policies and regulations enacted should address the barriers that impede the development of clean and efficient energy sources.
急性呼吸道感染是全球严重的公共卫生问题，然而在撒哈拉以南非洲地区尤为突出。在埃塞俄比亚，针对五岁以下儿童家庭使用生物质燃料与急性呼吸道感染之间的联系开展了不同的初步研究。然而，尚无关于五岁以下儿童家庭使用生物质燃料与急性呼吸道感染之间关联的全国性研究。因此，本系统评价和荟萃分析的目的是估计埃塞俄比亚五岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染的合并患病率及其预测因素。本系统评价按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南进行报告。我们系统检索了数据库：检索了PubMed/Medline、Cochrane图书馆、谷歌学术、科学网和Scopus，以获取在埃塞俄比亚开展的关于五岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染的潜在相关文章。使用Stata/SE 14.00统计软件进行分析，并使用表格和森林图呈现合并患病率及95%置信区间（CI）。为评估研究间的异质性，使用了I²检验。通过Begg检验和Egger回归检验检查发表偏倚。采用随机效应荟萃分析模型估计五岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染的合并患病率及预测因素。本荟萃分析共纳入7项研究，涉及8529名研究参与者。五岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染的合并患病率为17.75%（95%CI：16.95，18.55）。烹饪时抱孩子（比值比：2.84，95%CI：1.48，5.47）以及使用不清洁的烹饪能源（比值比：0.38，95%CI：0.21，0.70）被确定为五岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染的预测因素。在本研究中，五岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染的合并患病率相对较高。烹饪时抱孩子以及使用不清洁的烹饪能源与五岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染显著相关。因此，制定的政策和法规应解决阻碍清洁高效能源发展的障碍。
