ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig, Guwahati, India.
Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India.
Reprod Domest Anim. 2021 Apr;56(4):577-585. doi: 10.1111/rda.13895. Epub 2021 Feb 2.
Improvement in litter traits is the key to profitable pig farming that directly enhances the economic standing of the farmers in developing countries. The present study aimed to explore oestrogen receptor (ESR), epidermal growth factor (EGF), follicle-stimulating hormone beta subunit (FSHβ), prolactin receptor (PRLR) and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) genes as possible candidate genetic markers for litter traits in indigenous pigs of India. The breeds included in the study were Ghungroo, Mali, Niang Megha and Tenyi Vo, and the reproductive traits considered were litter size at birth (LSB), number born alive (NBA), litter weight at birth (LWB), litter size at weaning (LSW) and litter weight at weaning (LWW) at their first parity. PCR-RFLP and primer-based mutation detection methods were used to identify polymorphism, and associations between the genotypes and the traits were analysed using a general linear model. The Ghungroo pigs recorded the best litter performances among the breeds (p < .05, LWB p < .01). Different alleles and genotypes of the genes under study were detected. Short interspersed nuclear element (SINE) -/- genotype of FSHβ revealed significantly higher litter traits (p < .05, LSB p < .01). The LWW was also found to be significantly influenced by ESR BB and AB, EGF AB and BB, and PRLR CC genotypes (p < .05). Although we did not find statistically significant and consistently superior litter traits with respect to different genotypes of other studied genes than genotype SINE -/- of the FSHβ, PRLR CC genotype demonstrated superior performances for all the litter traits. Our study revealed the FSHβ as a potential candidate genetic marker for litter traits in indigenous pig breeds of India.
改善窝产仔数是盈利养猪的关键，这直接提高了发展中国家农民的经济地位。本研究旨在探索雌激素受体（ESR）、表皮生长因子（EGF）、促卵泡激素β亚基（FSHβ）、催乳素受体（PRLR）和视黄醇结合蛋白 4（RBP4）基因作为印度本土猪窝产仔数的潜在候选遗传标记。研究中包括的品种有 Ghungroo、Mali、Niang Megha 和 Tenyi Vo，所考虑的繁殖性状有初生窝产仔数（LSB）、活仔数（NBA）、初生窝重（LWB）、断奶窝产仔数（LSW）和断奶窝重（LWW）。使用 PCR-RFLP 和基于引物的突变检测方法来鉴定多态性，并使用一般线性模型分析基因型与性状之间的关系。Ghungroo 猪在这些品种中表现出最佳的窝产仔数（p<.05，LWB p<.01）。研究中发现了不同的等位基因和基因型。FSHβ 的短散在核元件（SINE）-/-基因型显示出显著更高的窝产仔数（p<.05，LSB p<.01）。还发现 ESR BB 和 AB、EGF AB 和 BB 以及 PRLR CC 基因型对 LWW 有显著影响（p<.05）。尽管我们没有发现其他研究基因的不同基因型相对于 FSHβ 的 SINE-/-基因型具有统计学上显著且一致的优越窝产仔数，但 PRLR CC 基因型表现出所有窝产仔数的优越性能。我们的研究表明 FSHβ 是印度本土猪品种窝产仔数的潜在候选遗传标记。
