Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Cell Host Microbe. 2021 Mar 10;29(3):394-407.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.12.012. Epub 2021 Jan 12.
Gut microbiota metabolites may be important for host health, yet few studies investigate the correlation between human gut microbiome and production of fecal metabolites and their impact on the plasma metabolome. Since gut microbiota metabolites are influenced by diet, we performed a longitudinal analysis of the impact of three divergent diets, vegan, omnivore, and a synthetic enteral nutrition (EEN) diet lacking fiber, on the human gut microbiome and its metabolome, including after a microbiota depletion intervention. Omnivore and vegan, but not EEN, diets altered fecal amino acid levels by supporting the growth of Firmicutes capable of amino acid metabolism. This correlated with relative abundance of a sizable number of fecal amino acid metabolites, some not previously associated with the gut microbiota. The effect on the plasma metabolome, in contrast, were modest. The impact of diet, particularly fiber, on the human microbiome influences broad classes of metabolites that may modify health.
肠道微生物群代谢物可能对宿主健康很重要，但很少有研究调查人类肠道微生物群与粪便代谢物的产生及其对血浆代谢组的影响之间的相关性。由于肠道微生物群代谢物受饮食影响，我们进行了一项纵向分析，研究了三种不同饮食（素食、杂食和缺乏纤维的合成肠内营养（EEN）饮食）对人类肠道微生物群及其代谢组的影响，包括在进行微生物群耗竭干预之后。杂食和素食饮食，而不是 EEN 饮食，通过支持能够进行氨基酸代谢的厚壁菌门的生长来改变粪便中氨基酸的水平。这与相当数量的粪便氨基酸代谢物的相对丰度相关，其中一些代谢物以前与肠道微生物群无关。相比之下，对血浆代谢组的影响则较为温和。饮食（尤其是纤维）对人类微生物组的影响会影响可能改变健康的广泛类别的代谢物。
