Nakamura Naoko, Kimura Tsuyoshi, Kishida Akio
Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062 Japan.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2017 Jul 10;3(7):1236-1244. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00506. Epub 2016 Dec 9.
Decellularized tissues, in which the extracellular matrix is isolated, have broad applications as implantable biomaterials and/or biological scaffolds for tissue repair, and show good clinical performance. Decellularized tissue characteristics, such as their shape, structure, mechanical properties, and biological activity, are strongly affected by the decellularization protocol. The orthotopic implantation of decellularized tissues, a common procedure, typically induces cell infiltration and extracellular matrix (ECM) reconstruction resulting in tissues that resemble the source tissues. The ectopic implantation of decellularized tissues results in reconstruction that is either adapted to the implantation site or to the decellularized tissue source. In this review, the differences between methods are discussed. In addition, new methods aimed at extending the applications of decellularized tissues are discussed, particularly methods that confer novel functions to decellularized tissues, such as devices that link native tissues with artificial materials using decellularized tissue as an intermediate.
脱细胞组织（其中细胞外基质被分离出来）作为可植入生物材料和/或用于组织修复的生物支架具有广泛应用，并展现出良好的临床性能。脱细胞组织的特性，如形状、结构、力学性能和生物活性，受到脱细胞方案的强烈影响。脱细胞组织的原位植入是一种常见操作，通常会诱导细胞浸润和细胞外基质（ECM）重建，从而形成类似于源组织的组织。脱细胞组织的异位植入会导致重建，这种重建要么适应植入部位，要么适应脱细胞组织来源。在本综述中，将讨论不同方法之间的差异。此外，还将讨论旨在扩展脱细胞组织应用的新方法，特别是赋予脱细胞组织新功能的方法，例如使用脱细胞组织作为中间体将天然组织与人工材料连接起来的装置。
