Risk Factors for the Acquisition of Infection and Mortality in Patients with Enterococcal Bacteremia: A 5-Year Retrospective Analysis in a Tertiary Care University Hospital.

The incidence of bacteremia caused by , which is highly resistant to multiple antibiotics, is increasing in Japan. However, risk factors for the acquisition of infection and mortality due to enterococcal bacteremia are not well known. We compared demographic, microbiological, and clinical characteristics using a Cox regression model and univariate analysis. We performed a multivariate analysis to identify risk factors for patients treated between 2014 and 2018. Among 186 patients with enterococcal bacteremia, two groups included in the Kaplan-Meier analysis ( (n = 88) and (n = 94)) showed poor overall survival in the group (HR: 1.92; 95% confidence interval: 1.01-3.66; = 0.048). The median daily antibiotic cost per patient in the group was significantly higher than that in the group ($23 ($13-$34) vs. $34 ($22-$58), < 0.001). strains were more frequently identified with previous use of antipseudomonal penicillins (OR = 4.04, < 0.001) and carbapenems (OR = 3.33, = 0.003). Bacteremia from an unknown source (OR = 2.79, = 0.025) and acute kidney injury (OR = 4.51, = 0.004) were associated with higher risks of 30-day mortality in patients with enterococcal bacteremia. Therefore, clinicians should provide improved medical management, with support from specialized teams such as those assisting antimicrobial stewardship programs.