Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI96813, USA.
BK21 FOUR Education and Research Team for Sustainable Food & Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Br J Nutr. 2021 Nov 14;126(9):1389-1397. doi: 10.1017/S000711452100012X. Epub 2021 Jan 14.
High-quality diets have been found to be beneficial in preventing long-term weight gain. However, concurrent changes in diet quality and body weight over time have rarely been reported. We examined the association between 10-year changes in diet quality and body weight in the Multiethnic Cohort Study. Analyses included 53 977 African Americans, Native Hawaiians, Japanese Americans, Latinos and Whites, who completed both baseline (1993-1996, 45-69 years) and 10-year follow-up (2003-2008) surveys including a FFQ and had no history of heart disease or cancer. Using multivariable regression, weight changes were regressed on changes in four diet quality indexes, Healthy Eating Index-2015, Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010, alternate Mediterranean Diet and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension scores. Mean weight change over 10 years was 1·2 (sd 6·8) kg in men and 1·5 (sd 7·2) kg in women. Compared with stable diet quality (< 0·5 sd change), the greatest increase (≥ 1 sd increase) in the diet scores was associated with less weight gain (by 0·55-1·17 kg in men and 0·62-1·31 kg in women). Smaller weight gain with improvement in diet quality was found in most subgroups by race/ethnicity, baseline age and baseline BMI. The inverse association was stronger in younger age and higher BMI groups. Ten-year improvement in diet quality was associated with a smaller weight gain, which varied by race/ethnicity and baseline age and BMI. Our findings suggest that maintaining a high-quality diet and improving diet quality over time may prevent excessive weight gain.
高质量的饮食被发现有助于预防长期体重增加。然而，饮食质量和体重随时间的变化很少被报道。我们在多民族队列研究中检查了 10 年内饮食质量和体重变化之间的关系。分析包括 53977 名非裔美国人、夏威夷原住民、日裔美国人、拉丁裔和白人，他们完成了基线（1993-1996 年，45-69 岁）和 10 年随访（2003-2008 年）调查，包括一份 FFQ，并且没有心脏病或癌症病史。使用多变量回归，体重变化与四项饮食质量指数的变化相关，即 2015 年健康饮食指数、2010 年替代健康饮食指数、替代地中海饮食和停止高血压的饮食方法评分。男性 10 年内平均体重变化为 1.2（sd6.8）kg，女性为 1.5（sd7.2）kg。与饮食质量稳定（<0.5 sd 变化）相比，饮食评分的最大增加（≥1 sd 增加）与体重增加较少相关（男性体重增加 0.55-1.17kg，女性体重增加 0.62-1.31kg）。在大多数按种族/族裔、基线年龄和基线 BMI 划分的亚组中，饮食质量的改善与体重的较小增加相关。在年龄较小和 BMI 较高的人群中，这种负相关更强。饮食质量在 10 年内的改善与体重增加较小有关，这与种族/族裔、基线年龄和 BMI 有关。我们的研究结果表明，保持高质量的饮食和随着时间的推移改善饮食质量可能有助于预防体重过度增加。
