Department of Child Health, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, No.745 Wuluo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China.
BMC Pediatr. 2023 Apr 13;23(1):169. doi: 10.1186/s12887-023-03966-7.
This study examined the associations of diet quality assessed by Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015), Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010), Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) and overweight/obesity in children and adolescents.
This cross-sectional study used data of participants aged 2-19 years from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2018. The weighted logistic regression model was adopted to explore the association between diet quality scores and overweight, obesity in children and adolescents. Subgroup analysis was also performed based on sex.
A total of 9,724 participants were included in children group (2-11 years old), and 5,934 were adolescent group (12-19 years old). All participants were divided into based on the BMI-for-age: underweight and normal, overweight and obesity groups. After adjusting for age, race, poverty-income ratio, maternal smoking during pregnancy and total energy, HEI-2015 and MedDiet scores were related to the risk of overweight in children, and only MedDiet scores remained associated with a decreased risk of obesity in children. MedDiet scores were associated with a decreased risk of overweight, obesity in adolescents, respectively, after adjusting age, sex, race, poverty-income ratio, cotinine, total energy and physical activity. The similar results in male participants were also found.
Higher MedDiet scores were associated with lower the risk of overweight and obesity, respectively, particularly for male children and adolescents. The higher HEI-2015 scores were also related to the risk of overweight in children.
本研究旨在探讨健康饮食指数 2015 版（HEI-2015）、替代健康饮食指数 2010 版（AHEI-2010）、地中海饮食（MedDiet）和超重/肥胖与儿童和青少年的相关性。
本横断面研究使用了 2005 年至 2018 年国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）中 2-19 岁参与者的数据。采用加权逻辑回归模型探讨了饮食质量评分与儿童超重和肥胖的相关性。并根据性别进行了亚组分析。
共有 9724 名儿童（2-11 岁）和 5934 名青少年（12-19 岁）纳入儿童组，所有参与者均根据 BMI 年龄分为消瘦和正常、超重和肥胖组。在调整年龄、种族、贫困收入比、孕期母亲吸烟和总能量后，HEI-2015 和 MedDiet 评分与儿童超重风险相关，仅 MedDiet 评分与儿童肥胖风险降低相关。在调整年龄、性别、种族、贫困收入比、可替宁、总能量和体力活动后，MedDiet 评分与青少年超重和肥胖风险降低相关。在男性参与者中也发现了类似的结果。
较高的 MedDiet 评分与较低的超重和肥胖风险相关，特别是对于男性儿童和青少年。较高的 HEI-2015 评分也与儿童超重风险相关。
