Daniel Lidiya, Haile Demewoz, Egata Gudina
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa City, Ethiopia.
J Eat Disord. 2023 Sep 26;11(1):169. doi: 10.1186/s40337-023-00876-y.
Disordered eating behaviours (DEBs) are variations in regular eating patterns and behaviours and might include symptoms and behaviours of eating disorder with lower level of severity. Such behaviours are common during adolescence at which time several physical and psychological changes occur favouring unhealthy dietary behaviours. Although the magnitude of DEBs is high among high-income countries, similar data are limited among adolescents with diabetes in low-income countries including Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of DEBs and its relationship with body shape dissatisfaction among adolescents with diabetes on follow-up at selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Hospital based cross sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 395 adolescents with diabetes attending public hospitals in Addis Ababa from January to December, 2021. Data were collected using structured pretested standard diabetes eating problem survey revised (DEPS-R) questionnaire, body part satisfaction scale of 8 items, and anthropometric measurements. Descriptive statistics such as median alongside interquartile range was used to describe the continuous variables. Binary bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used for data analysis. Mann-Whitney U-test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to evaluate the difference between median scores of independent variables. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) alongside 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to measure the strength of association between variables of interest.
The magnitude of disordered eating behaviours within the last 30 days was 43.3%, [95% CI: (38%, 48%)]. In multivariable analysis, body shape dissatisfaction [AOR = 2.21, 95% CI (1.28, 3.82, p = 0.0001)], family history of diabetes mellitus [AOR = 1.59, 95% CI (1.03, 2.47, p = 0.038)], late adolescence period [AOR = 2.10, 95% CI (1.33, 3.34, p = 0.002)], having diabetic complication[AOR = 2.32, 95% CI (1.43, 3.75, p = 0.001)],and being overweight [AOR = 2.25, 95% CI (1.32, 3.82, p = 0.003)] were significantly associated with DEBs.
The magnitude of DEBs was high among the study participants. Body shape dissatisfaction, family history of diabetes mellitus, being in late adolescence period, diabetic complication, and nutritional status of adolescents were significantly associated with DEBs. Therefore, preventive interventions need to be designed by all relevant actors working on health promotion of young population to address factors influencing DEBs among adolescent population with diabetes.
饮食行为紊乱（DEBs）是正常饮食模式和行为的变异，可能包括严重程度较低的饮食失调症状和行为。此类行为在青春期很常见，这一时期会发生一些生理和心理变化，助长了不健康的饮食行为。尽管在高收入国家饮食行为紊乱的发生率很高，但在包括埃塞俄比亚在内的低收入国家，糖尿病青少年中的类似数据有限。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴选定公立医院中糖尿病青少年饮食行为紊乱的发生率及其与身体形状不满的关系。
2021年1月至12月，在亚的斯亚贝巴公立医院随机选取395名糖尿病青少年进行基于医院的横断面研究。使用经过预测试的结构化标准糖尿病饮食问题调查修订版（DEPS-R）问卷、8项身体部位满意度量表和人体测量数据进行收集。连续变量采用中位数及四分位间距等描述性统计方法进行描述。采用二元双变量和多变量逻辑回归进行数据分析。采用Mann-Whitney U检验和Kruskal-Wallis检验评估自变量中位数得分之间的差异。估计调整后的优势比（AOR）及95%置信区间（CI），以衡量感兴趣变量之间的关联强度。
过去30天内饮食行为紊乱的发生率为43.3%，[95%CI：（38%，48%）]。在多变量分析中，身体形状不满[AOR = 2.21，95%CI（1.28，3.82，p = .0001）]、糖尿病家族史[AOR = 1.59，95%CI（1.03，2.47，p = .038）]、青春期后期[AOR = 2.10，95%CI（1.33，3.34，p = .002）]、患有糖尿病并发症[AOR = 2.32，95%CI（1.43，3.75，p = .001）]以及超重[AOR = 2.25，95%CI（1.32，3.82，p = .003）]与饮食行为紊乱显著相关。
研究参与者中饮食行为紊乱的发生率很高。身体形状不满、糖尿病家族史、青春期后期、糖尿病并发症以及青少年的营养状况与饮食行为紊乱显著相关。因此，所有致力于促进青年人群健康的相关行为者都需要设计预防性干预措施，以解决影响糖尿病青少年人群饮食行为紊乱的因素。
