Singh Jitendra Kumar, Acharya Dilaram, Rani Divya, Gautam Salila, Thapa Bajgain Kalpana, Bajgain Bishnu Bahadur, Park Ji-Hyuk, Yoo Seok-Ju, Poder Thomas G, Lewin Antoine, Lee Kwan
Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Janaki Medical College, Tribhuvan University, Janakpur, Nepal.
Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea.
Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2021 Jan 6;14:9-19. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S280499. eCollection 2021.
Understanding the undernutrition status of teenage adolescent girls living in urban slums and its associated factors is meaningful to formulate customized health strategies. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of being underweight and associated factors among teenage adolescent girls in urban slums.
In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled a total of 418 teenage adolescent girls from five of 210 urban slums of Varanasi district, Uttar Pradesh, India employing two-stage probability sampling for the selection of households and subjects, between September 2016 and July 2017. The study of underwight subjects was assessed with BMI for age using standard criteria. Factors associated with being underweight were determined by multivariable logistic regression analysis.
Of 418 study subjects, 49.76% (208/418) were underweight. Results revealed that sociodemographic factors such as teenage adolescent girls who were from SC/ST (schedule caste/schedule tribe) caste/ethnicity (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=2.02, 95%CI: 1.00-4.23), subjects whose father's education level was primary or lower (AOR=1.87, 95%CI: 1.12-3.11), and number of people in the family >4 (AOR=2.18, 95%CI: 1.18-4.03) were associated with being underweight. Likewise, dietary behavior-related factors such as vegetarian (AOR=2.21, 95%CI: 1.25-3.92), and <3 meals per day (AOR=2.36, 95%CI: 1.40-3.98) than their counterparts were associated with being underweight. In addition, teenage adolescent girls from food-insecure households (AOR=3.33, 95%CI: 2.01-5.51) were more likely to be underweight than those from food-secure households.
The higher burden of underweight among teenage adolescent girls in Indian urban slums needs to be addressed through specific public health interventions such as by improving education, providing education regarding dietary behavior, and having access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious foods.
了解生活在城市贫民窟的青少年女孩的营养不足状况及其相关因素，对于制定个性化的健康策略具有重要意义。本研究旨在确定城市贫民窟青少年女孩体重不足的患病率及其相关因素。
在这项横断面研究中，我们于2016年9月至2017年7月期间，采用两阶段概率抽样法从印度北方邦瓦拉纳西地区210个城市贫民窟中的5个贫民窟选取家庭和研究对象，共纳入418名青少年女孩。采用标准标准，通过年龄别体重指数评估体重不足对象。通过多变量逻辑回归分析确定与体重不足相关的因素。
在418名研究对象中，49.76%（208/418）体重不足。结果显示，社会人口学因素，如来自表列种姓/表列部落（SC/ST）种姓/族裔的青少年女孩（调整优势比（AOR）=2.02，95%置信区间：1.00-4.23）、父亲教育水平为小学及以下的对象（AOR=1.87，95%置信区间：1.12-3.11）以及家庭人口数>4的对象（AOR=2.18，95%置信区间：1.18-4.03）与体重不足有关。同样，饮食行为相关因素，如素食者（AOR=2.21，95%置信区间：1.25-3.92）以及每天用餐次数<3次（AOR=2.36，95%置信区间：1.40-3.98）的对象与体重不足有关。此外，来自粮食不安全家庭的青少年女孩（AOR=3.33，95%置信区间：2.01-5.51）比来自粮食安全家庭的女孩更有可能体重不足。
印度城市贫民窟青少年女孩中较高的体重不足负担需要通过具体的公共卫生干预措施来解决，如改善教育、提供饮食行为教育以及获得充足、安全和营养的食物。
