Diukova Galina M, Makarov Sergey A, Golubev Valery L, Tyutina Ruslana R, Degterev Daniil A, Danilov Alexey B
Neurological Department, Moscow Clinical Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Department of Nervous Disease, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation.
Case Rep Neurol. 2020 Dec 11;12(3):472-481. doi: 10.1159/000510517. eCollection 2020 Sep-Dec.
Psychogenic or functional neurological disorders (FND) often occur in the practice of a neurologist. Diagnosis of FND usually causes significant difficulties. Among FND, psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) comprise around 40% cases. Sometimes it is necessary to differentiate PNES from narcolepsy. We describe a 55-year-old man with frequent brief and sudden sleep-like attacks in combination with nocturnal sleep disturbance. During attacks he was unresponsive, snoring but maintained posture. He resisted passive eye opening but with rolling eyes. The patient was confused on waking. In the interictal period, there were FND signs including give-way weakness of the left hand, typical functional "leg-dragging" gait, mistake in the finger-to-nose test. Video-electroencephalogram monitoring did not detect specific epileptic activity or sleep pattern during the attacks. Polysomnography showed multiple waking episodes during the night, but no typical pattern of narcolepsy was found in the multiple sleep latency test. The patient had frequent urgent hospitalizations due to different diseases and numerous invasive procedures. Six month later, the patient obtained state related disability financial benefit, after which hospitalizations in various hospitals continued, and PNES became shorter and less pronounced.
心因性或功能性神经障碍(FND)在神经科医生的临床实践中经常出现。FND的诊断通常会带来很大困难。在FND中,心因性非癫痫性发作(PNES)约占40%的病例。有时有必要将PNES与发作性睡病区分开来。我们描述了一名55岁男性,他频繁出现短暂且突然的类似睡眠的发作,并伴有夜间睡眠障碍。发作期间,他无反应、打鼾,但能保持姿势。他抗拒被动睁眼,但眼球转动。患者醒来时感到困惑。在发作间期,存在FND体征,包括左手的退让性无力、典型的功能性“拖腿”步态、指鼻试验错误。视频脑电图监测在发作期间未检测到特定的癫痫活动或睡眠模式。多导睡眠图显示夜间有多次觉醒发作,但在多次睡眠潜伏期试验中未发现发作性睡病的典型模式。该患者因各种疾病频繁紧急住院,并接受了大量侵入性检查。6个月后,患者获得了国家相关残疾抚恤金,此后在多家医院的住院治疗仍在继续,PNES发作变得更短且不那么明显。